The challenge of using intermittent preventive therapy with sulfadoxine/ pyrimethamine among pregnant women in Uganda

The Uganda National Malaria Control Programme recommends the use of intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) to prevent malaria, however, there is overwhelming evidence ...Humphrey Wanzira, Henry Katamba, Allen Eva Okullo and Denis Rubahika. Malaria Journal 2016 15:401

A qualitative review of implementer perceptions of the national community-level malaria surveillance system in Southern Province, Zambia

Parts of Zambia with very low malaria parasite prevalence and high coverage of vector control interventions are targeted for malaria elimination through a series of interventions including reactive case detect... Lynne Lohfeld, Tokozile Kangombe-Ngwenya, Anna M. Winters, Zunda Chisha, Busiku Hamainza, Mulakwa Kamuliwo, John M. Miller, Matthew Burns and Daniel J. Bridges. Malaria Journal 2016 15:400

Diagnosis and treatment based o­n quantitative PCR after controlled human malaria infection

Controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) has become well-established in the evaluation of drugs and vaccines. Anti-malarial treatment is usually initiated when thick blood smears are positive by microscopy. T... Jona Walk, Remko Schats, Marijke C. C. Langenberg, Isaie J. Reuling, Karina Teelen, Meta Roestenberg, Cornelus C. Hermsen, Leo G. Visser and Robert W. Sauerwein

Malaria Journal 2016 15:398

Direct transfer of HRPII-magnetic bead complexes to malaria rapid diagnostic tests significantly improves test sensitivity

The characteristic ease of use, rapid time to result, and low cost of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) promote their widespread use at the point-of-care for malaria detection and surveillance. However, in...Keersten M. Ricks, Nicholas M. Adams, Thomas F. Scherr, Frederick R. Haselton and David W. Wright. Malaria Journal 2016 15:399

Integrated paediatric fever management and antibiotic over-treatment in Malawi health facilities: data mining a national facility census

There are growing concerns about irrational antibiotic prescription practices in the era of test-based malaria case management. This study assessed integrated paediatric fever management using malaria rapid di... Emily White Johansson, Katarina Ekholm Selling, Humphreys Nsona, Bonnie Mappin, Peter W. Gething, Max Petzold, Stefan Swartling Peterson and Helena Hildenwall

Malaria Journal 2016 15:396

Anti-erythrocyte antibodies may contribute to anaemia in Plasmodium vivax malaria by decreasing red blood cell deformability and increasing erythrophagocytosis

Plasmodium vivax accounts for the majority of human malaria infections outside Africa and is being increasingly associated in fatal outcomes with anaemia as o­ne of the major complicati...

Luiza Carvalho Mourão, Paula Magda da Silva Roma, Jamila da Silva Sultane Aboobacar, Camila Maia Pantuzzo Medeiros, Zélia Barbosa de Almeida, Cor Jesus Fernandes Fontes, Ubirajara Agero, Oscar Nassif de Mesquita, Marcelo Porto Bemquerer and Érika Martins Braga. Malaria Journal 2016 15:397

Low prevalence of dihydro folate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) quadruple and quintuple mutant alleles associated with SP resistance in Plasmodium vivax isolates of West Bengal, India

Emergence of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium vivax is a serious obstacle towards malaria control in India. This study elucidates the temporal pattern of antifolate [sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP)] resistance in Sabyasachi Das, Abhijit Banik, Amiya Kumar Hati and Somenath Roy. Malaria Journal 2016 15:395

Low prevalence of dihydro folate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) quadruple and quintuple mutant alleles associated with SP resistance in Plasmodium vivax isolates of West Bengal, India

Emergence of chloroquine resistant Plasmodium vivax is a serious obstacle towards malaria control in India. This study elucidates the temporal pattern of antifolate [sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP)] resistance in Sabyasachi Das, Abhijit Banik, Amiya Kumar Hati and Somenath Roy. Malaria Journal 2016 15:395

Species-specific escape of Plasmodium sporozoites from oocysts of avian, rodent, and human malarial parasites

Malaria is transmitted when an infected mosquito delivers Plasmodium sporozoites into a vertebrate host. There are many species of Plasmodium and, in general, the infection is host-specific. For example, Plasmodi... Alessandra S. Orfano, Rafael Nacif-Pimenta, Ana P. M. Duarte, Luis M. Villegas, Nilton B. Rodrigues, Luciana C. Pinto, Keillen M. M. Campos, Yudi T. Pinilla, Bárbara Chaves, Maria G. V. Barbosa Guerra, Wuelton M. Monteiro, Ryan C. Smith, Alvaro Molina-Cruz, Marcus V. G. Lacerda, Nágila F. C. Secundino, Marcelo Jacobs-Lorena… Malaria Journal 2016 15:394

Integrin α_Dβ₂ (CD11d/CD18) mediates experimental malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS)

Malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS) is a potentially lethal complication of clinical malaria. Acute lung injury in MA-ARDS shares features with ARDS triggered by other causes, incl... Isaclaudia G. de Azevedo-Quintanilha, Adriana Vieira-de-Abreu, André Costa Ferreira, Daniele O. Nascimento, Alessandra M. Siqueira, Robert A. Campbell, Tatiana P. Teixeira Ferreira, Tatiana M. Gutierrez, Gabriel M. Ribeiro, Patricia M. R. e Silva, Alysson R. Carvalho, Patricia T. Bozza, Guy A. Zimmerman and Hugo C. Castro-Faria-Neto Malaria Journal 2016 15:393

Pregnant women and infants as sentinel populations to monitor prevalence of malaria: results of pilot study in Lake Zone of Tanzania

As malaria control interventions are scaled-up, rational approaches are needed for monitoring impact over time. o­ne proposed approach includes monitoring the prevalence of malaria infection among pregnant wome... Ritha A. Willilo, Fabrizio Molteni, Renata Mandike, Frances E. Mugalura, Anold Mutafungwa, Adella Thadeo, Edwin Benedictor, Jessica M. Kafuko, Naomi Kaspar, Mahdi M. Ramsan, Osia Mwaipape, Peter D. McElroy, Julie Gutman, Rajeev Colaco, Richard Reithinger and Jeremiah M. Ngondi. Malaria Journal 2016 15:392

Assessing the effective use of mosquito nets in the prevention of malaria in some parts of Mezam division, Northwest Region Cameroon

In Cameroon, malaria continues to be endemic and the first major cause of morbidity and mortality among the most vulnerable groups—children under 5 years of age, pregnant women, people living with HIV/AIDS and... Ngum Helen Ntonifor and Serophine Veyufambom. Malaria Journal 2016 15:390

Prevalence of G6PD deficiency and Plasmodium falciparum parasites in asymptomatic school children living in southern Ghana

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked genetic disorder that results in impaired enzyme activity. Although G6PD deficiency is globally distributed it is more prevalent in malaria-en... Linda Eva Amoah, Akua Opong, Ruth Ayanful-Torgby, Joana Abankwa and Festus K. Acquah. Malaria Journal 2016 15:388

Performance of rapid diagnostic test, blood-film microscopy and PCR for the diagnosis of malaria infection among febrile children from Korogwe District, Tanzania

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) and light microscopy are still recommended for diagnosis to guide the clinical management of malaria despite difficult challenges in rural settings. The performance of these tests ...Coline Mahende, Billy Ngasala, John Lusingu, Tai-Soon Yong, Paminus Lushino, Martha Lemnge, Bruno Mmbando and Zul Premji. Malaria Journal 2016 15:391

Composition and genetics of malaria vector populations in the Central African Republic

In many African countries malaria has declined sharply due to a synergy of actions marked by the introduction of vector control strategies, but the disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in...Mamadou Ousmane Ndiath, Karin Eiglmeier, Marina Lidwine Olé Sangba, Inge Holm, Mirdad Kazanji and Kenneth D. Vernick. Malaria Journal 2016 15:387

Is a reproduction number of o­ne a threshold for Plasmodium falciparum malaria elimination?

The basic reproduction number (R ₀) is an important summary of the dynamics of an infectious disease. It is a threshold parameter: an infection can o­nly invade a population if R ...

Jamie T. Griffin. Malaria Journal 2016 15:389

Rural and urban disparities in health-seeking for fever in Myanmar: findings from a probability-based household survey

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes Myanmar as having the highest burden of malaria in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS). Early diagnosis and proper treatment are critical in containing malaria. T... Tin Aung, Moh Moh Lwin, May Sudhinaraset and Chongyi Wei

Malaria Journal 2016 15:386

A cluster randomized trial comparing deltamethrin and bendiocarb as insecticides for indoor residual spraying to control malaria o­n Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Indoor residual spraying (IRS) has been used o­n Bioko for malaria control since 2004. In 2013 the insecticide was changed from bendiocarb to deltamethrin. Shortly after this change, there was a marked increase... John Bradley, Dianna Hergott, Guillermo Garcia, Jo Lines, Jackie Cook, Michel A. Slotman, Wonder Philip Phiri, Christopher Schwabe and Immo Kleinschmidt Malaria Journal 2016 15:378

The application of evolutionary medicine principles for sustainable malaria control: a scoping study

Current interventions against malaria have significantly reduced the number of people infected and the number of deaths. Concerns about emerging resistance of both mosquitoes and parasites to intervention have... Denise Ocampo and Mark Booth. Malaria Journal 2016 15:383

Prenatal exposure to P.falciparum increases frequency and shortens time from birth to first clinical malaria episodes during the first two years of life: prospective birth cohort study

Prenatal exposure to Plasmodium falciparum affects development of protective immunity and susceptibility to subsequent natural challenges with similar parasite antigens. However, the nature of these effects has n... Boniphace Sylvester, Dinah B. Gasarasi, Said Aboud, Donath Tarimo, Siriel Massawe, Rose Mpembeni and Gote Swedberg. Malaria Journal 2016 15:379

Mosquito bite immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites: safety, tolerability, protective efficacy and humoral immunogenicity

In this phase 1 clinical trial, healthy adult, malaria-naïve subjects were immunized with radiation-attenuated P.falciparum sporozoites (PfRAS) by mosquito bite and then underwent controlled human malari... Bradley W. Hickey, Joanne M. Lumsden, Sharina Reyes, Martha Sedegah, Michael R. Hollingdale, Daniel A. Freilich, Thomas C. Luke, Yupin Charoenvit, Lucy M. Goh, Mara P. Berzins, Lolita Bebris, John B. Sacci, Patricia De La Vega, Ruobing Wang, Harini Ganeshan, Esteban N. Abot…Malaria Journal 2016 15:377

Malaria vector research and control in Haiti: a systematic review

Haiti has a set a target of eliminating malaria by 2020. However, information o­n malaria vector research in Haiti is not well known. This paper presents results from a systematic review of the literature o­n ma...Joseph Frederick, Yvan Saint Jean, Jean Frantz Lemoine, Ellen M. Dotson, Kimberly E. Mace, Michelle Chang, Laurence Slutsker, Arnaud Le Menach, John C. Beier, Thomas P. Eisele, Bernard A. Okech, Valery Madsen Beau de Rochars, Keith H. Carter, Joseph Keating and Daniel E. Impoinvil. Malaria Journal 2016 15:376

In vitro selection of Plasmodium falciparum Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 variants by artemisinin

Anti-malarial drugs are the major focus in the prevention and treatment of malaria. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is the WHO recommended first-line treatment for P.falciparum malaria across... Muturi J. Njokah, Joseph N. Kang’ethe, Johnson Kinyua, Daniel Kariuki and Francis T. Kimani. Malaria Journal 2016 15:381

Development of a pharmacovigilance safety monitoring tool for the rollout of single low-dose primaquine and artemether-lumefantrine to treat Plasmodium falciparum infections in Swaziland: a pilot study

Countries remain reluctant to adopt the 2012 World Health Organization recommendation for single low-dose (0.25 mg/kg) primaquine (SLD PQ) for Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking due to concerns over drug... Eugenie Poirot, Adam Soble, Nyasatu Ntshalintshali, Asen Mwandemele, Nomcebo Mkhonta, Calisile Malambe, Sibonakaliso Vilakati, Sisi Pan, Sarah Darteh, Gugu Maphalala, Joelle Brown, Jimee Hwang, Cheryl Pace, Andy Stergachis, Eric Vittinghoff, Simon Kunene… Malaria Journal 2016 15:384

Anti-malarial seroprevalence assessment during an elimination programme in Chabahar District, south-eastern Iran

Iran has achieved a substantial decline in malaria incidence over the past decades. A common feature of malaria-endemic settings is the requirement for more sensitive techniques to describe levels of low trans... Sedigheh Zakeri, Lotus Leonie van den Hoogen, Akram Abouie Mehrizi, Fatemh Karimi, Ahmad Raeisi and Chris Drakeley Malaria Journal 2016 15:382

Routine implementation costs of larviciding with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis against malaria vectors in a district in rural Burkina Faso

The key tools in malaria control are early diagnosis and treatment of cases as well as vector control. Current strategies for malaria vector control in sub-Saharan Africa are largely based o­n long-lasting inse... Peter Dambach, Michael Schleicher, Hans-Christian Stahl, Issouf Traoré, Norbert Becker, Achim Kaiser, Ali Sié and Rainer Sauerborn. Malaria Journal 2016 15:380

A novel validated assay to support the discovery of new anti-malarial gametocytocidal agents

Drugs that kill or inhibit Plasmodium gametocytes in the human host could potentially synergize the impact of other chemotherapeutic interventions by blocking transmission. To develop such agents, reliable method... Noemí Bahamontes-Rosa, María G. Gomez-Lorenzo, Joël Lelièvre, Ane Rodriguez Alejandre, María Jesus Almela, Sonia Lozano, Esperanza Herreros and Francisco-Javier Gamo. Malaria Journal 2016 15:385

An experimental hut evaluation of Olyset Plus, a long-lasting insecticidal net treated with a mixture of permethrin and piperonyl butoxide, against A.fluviatilis in Odisha State, India

Fast development of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors prompted the development of new vector control tools including combination of insecticides with different modes of action as part of resistance mana... Kasinathan Gunasekaran, Sudhansu Sekhar Sahu, Tharmalingam Vijayakumar, Swaminathan Subramanian, Rajpal Singh Yadav, Olivier Pigeon and Purushothaman Jambulingam. Malaria Journal 2016 15:375

Chicken volatiles repel host-seeking malaria mosquitoes

Anopheles arabiensis is a dominant vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, which feeds indoors and outdoors o­n human and other vertebrate hosts, making it a difficult species to contr...

Kassahun T. Jaleta, Sharon Rose Hill, Göran Birgersson, Habte Tekie and Rickard Ignell. Malaria Journal 2016 15:354

Cytokine gene polymorphisms are not associated with anti-PvDBP, anti-PvAMA-1 or anti-PvMSP-1₁₉ IgG antibody levels in a malaria-endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon

The immune response against Plasmodium vivax immunogenic epitopes is regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that determine antibody levels and class switching. Cytokine gene polymorphisms may be respon... Adriana A. C. Furini, Marcela P. Capobianco, Luciane M. Storti-Melo, Maristela G. Cunha, Gustavo C. Cassiano and Ricardo Luiz D. Machado. Malaria Journal 2016 15:374

Evaluation of the paediatric dose of chloroquine in the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria

Chloroquine (CQ) continues to be the first-line medication used worldwide in the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria. The dose recommended by the World Health Organization is 25 mg/kg independently of the age o... Arletta Añez, Manuel Moscoso, Cecilia Garnica and Carlos Ascaso. Malaria Journal 2016 15:371

Determinants of public malaria awareness during the national malaria elimination programme: a cross-sectional study in rural China

Public malaria health promotion is an integral part of the national malaria elimination programme, which was launched by the Chinese government in 2010. However, the public awareness of malaria needs to improv... Shangfeng Tang, Lu Ji, Tao Hu, Ghose Bishwajit, Da Feng, Hui Ming, Yue Xian, Qian Fu, Zhifei He, Hang Fu, Ruoxi Wang and Zhanchun Feng. Malaria Journal 2016 15:372

Vertical stratification of adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) within a tropical rainforest in Sabah, Malaysia

Malaria cases caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, a simian parasite naturally found in long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques, are increasing rapidly in Sabah, Malaysia. o­ne hypothesis is that this increase is associated... Hayley L. Brant, Robert M. Ewers, Indra Vythilingam, Chris Drakeley, Suzan Benedick and John D. Mumford. Malaria Journal 2016 15:370

Adherence to national guidelines for the diagnosis and management of severe malaria: a nationwide, cross-sectional survey in Malawi, 2012

Severe malaria has a case fatality rate of 10-20 %; however, few studies have addressed the quality of severe malaria case management. This study evaluated the diagnostic and treatment practices of malaria pat... Monica P. Shah, Melissa Briggs-Hagen, Jobiba Chinkhumba, Andy Bauleni, Alfred Chalira, Dubulao Moyo, Wilfred Dodoli, Misheck Luhanga, John Sande, Doreen Ali, Julie Gutman, Don P. Mathanga and Kim A. Lindblade. Malaria Journal 2016 15:369

Public awareness of malaria in the middle stage of national malaria elimination programme. A cross-sectional survey in rural areas of malaria-endemic counties, China

Remarkable progress in the elimination of malaria has been achieved by the Chinese government in the past 5 years. However, imported cases have increased rapidly, and it is a critical threat to the national ma... Shangfeng Tang, Lu Ji, Tao Hu, Ruoxi Wang, Hang Fu, Tian Shao, Chunyan Liu, Piaopiao Shao, Zhe He, Gang Li and Zhanchun Feng. Malaria Journal 2016 15:373

The relationship of malaria between Chinese side and Myanmar’s five special regions along China–Myanmar border: a linear regression analysis

Understanding malaria along the international border of two countries is important for malaria control and elimination; however, it is difficult to investigate a quantitative relationship between two countries... Jian-Wei Xu and Hui Liu. Malaria Journal 2016 15:368

Equity in long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying for malaria prevention in a rural South Central Ethiopia

While recognizing the recent achievement in the global fight against malaria, the disease remains a challenge to health systems in low-income countries. Beyond widespread consensuses about prioritizing malaria... Alemayehu Hailu, Bernt Lindtjørn, Wakgari Deressa, Taye Gari, Eskindir Loha and Bjarne Robberstad. Malaria Journal 2016 15:366

Cost-effectiveness of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in upper west region of Ghana

In Ghana, malaria is endemic and perennial (with significant seasonal variations in the three Northern Regions), accounting for 33 % of all deaths among children under 5 years old, with prevalence rates in chi... Justice Nonvignon, Genevieve Cecilia Aryeetey, Shamwill Issah, Patrick Ansah, Keziah L. Malm, Winfred Ofosu, Titus Tagoe, Samuel Agyei Agyemang and Moses Aikins. Malaria Journal 2016 15:367

Longitudinal effect of CD4 by cotrimoxazole use o­n malaria incidence among HIV-infected Ugandan adults o­n antiretroviral therapy: a randomized controlled study

The effect of CD4 count o­n malaria incidence in HIV infected adults o­n antiretroviral therapy (ART) was assessed in the context of a randomized controlled trial o­n the effect of CTX. Ronnie Kasirye, Heiner Grosskurth, Paula Munderi, Jonathan Levin, Zacchaeus Anywaine, Andrew Nunn, Anatoli Kamali and Kathy Baisley. Malaria Journal 2016 15:361

The production and exportation of artemisinin-derived drugs in China: current status and existing challenges

As the discoverer and a major manufacturer of artemisinin, China has made valuable contributions to malaria control and the global market of artemisinin-derived drugs. This study aims to explore the production... Yangmu Huang, Hui Li, Danlu Peng, Yu Wang, Qiaomeng Ren and Yan Guo. Malaria Journal 2016 15:365

Modelling the influence of temperature and rainfall o­n the population dynamics of Anopheles arabiensis

Malaria continues to be o­ne of the most devastating diseases in the world, killing more humans than any other infectious disease. Malaria parasites are entirely dependent o­n Anopheles mosquitoes for transmission.... Gbenga J. Abiodun, Rajendra Maharaj, Peter Witbooi and Kazeem O. Okosun. Malaria Journal 2016 15:364

The role of early detection and treatment in malaria elimination

Falciparum malaria persists in hard-to-reach areas or demographic groups that are missed by conventional healthcare systems but could be reached by trained community members in a malaria post (MP). The main fo... Jordi Landier, Daniel M. Parker, Aung Myint Thu, Verena I. Carrara, Khin Maung Lwin, Craig A. Bonnington, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Gilles Delmas and François H. Nosten. Malaria Journal 2016 15:363

Identifying risk factors for Plasmodium infection and anaemia in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

There is little data o­n the risk factors for malaria infection in large cities in central Africa and in all age groups. There may be different associations with the risk factors for areas with different malari... Giovanfrancesco Ferrari, Henry M. T. Ntuku, Amanda Ross, Sandro Schmidlin, Didier M. Kalemwa, Antoinette K. Tshefu and Christian Lengeler. Malaria Journal 2016 15:362

A review of new challenges and prospects for malaria elimination in Mutare and Mutasa Districts, Zimbabwe

This review outlines and discusses the new challenges in malaria control and prospects for its elimination in Mutare and Mutasa Districts, Zimbabwe. The burden of malaria has declined significantly over the pa... Shadreck Sande, Moses Zimba, Peter Chinwada, Hieronymo Takundwa Masendu, Joseph Mberikunshe and Aramu Makuwaza. Malaria Journal 2016 15:360

Factors associated with the non-use of insecticide-treated nets in Rwandan children

Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are highly effective in reducing malaria burden when used properly. However, factors related to individuals, households and community may influence how ITNs are used for mal... Monique Murindahabi Ruyange, Jeanine Condo, Corine Karema, Agnes Binagwaho, Alphonse Rukundo and Yvette Muyirukazi. Malaria Journal 2016 15:355

Transfusion-transmitted severe Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in a splenectomized patient with beta-thalassaemia major in Sabah, Malaysia: a case report

Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) is a well-recognized risk of receiving blood transfusions, and has occurred with Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae. The simia... Elspeth M. Bird, Uma Parameswaran, Timothy William, Tien Meng Khoo, Matthew J. Grigg, Ammar Aziz, Jutta Marfurt, Tsin W. Yeo, Sarah Auburn, Nicholas M. Anstey and Bridget E. Barber. Malaria Journal 2016 15:357

The development of malaria diagnostic techniques: a review of the approaches with focus o­n dielectrophoretic and magnetophoretic methods

The large number of deaths caused by malaria each year has increased interest in the development of effective malaria diagnoses. At the early-stage of infection, patients show non-specific symptoms or are asym... Surasak Kasetsirikul, Jirayut Buranapong, Werayut Srituravanich, Morakot Kaewthamasorn and Alongkorn Pimpin. Malaria Journal 2016 15:358

‘Nature or nurture’: survival rate, oviposition interval, and possible gonotrophic discordance among South East Asian anophelines

Mosquito survival, oviposition interval and gonotrophic concordance are important determinants of vectorial capacity. These may vary between species or within a single species depending o­n the environment. The... J. Derek Charlwood, Somalay Nenhep, Siv Sovannaroth, John C. Morgan, Janet Hemingway, Nakul Chitnis and Olivier J. T. Briët. Malaria Journal 2016 15:356

A cross-sectional study of the availability and price of anti-malarial medicines and malaria rapid diagnostic tests in private sector retail drug outlets in rural Western Kenya, 2013

Although anti-malarial medicines are free in Kenyan public health facilities, patients often seek treatment from private sector retail drug outlets. In mid-2010, the Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm... Urbanus Kioko, Christina Riley, Stephanie Dellicour, Vincent Were, Peter Ouma, Julie Gutman, Simon Kariuki, Ahmeddin Omar, Meghna Desai and Ann M. Buff. Malaria Journal 2016 15:359

Improved malaria case management in formal private sector through public private partnership in Ethiopia: retrospective descriptive study

Malaria is a major public health problem and still reported among the 10 top causes of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. More than o­ne-third of the people sought treatment from the private health sector. Ev... Mesele D. Argaw, Asfawesen GY. Woldegiorgis, Derebe T. Abate and Mesfin E. Abebe. Malaria Journal 2016 15:352

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in human malaria cases in Mali

In Mali, P.falciparum is highly endemic and remains stable despite the implementation of various malaria control measures. Understanding P.falciparum population structure variations across the c... Cécile Nabet, Safiatou Doumbo, Fakhri Jeddi, Salimata Konaté, Tommaso Manciulli, Bakary Fofana, Coralie L’Ollivier, Aminata Camara, Sandra Moore, Stéphane Ranque, Mahamadou A. Théra, Ogobara K. Doumbo and Renaud Piarroux. Malaria Journal 2016 15:353

Low prevalence of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale mono-infections among children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a population-based, cross-sectional study

In an effort to improve surveillance for epidemiological and clinical outcomes, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have become increasingly widespread as cost-effective and field-ready methods of malaria diagnosis.... Stephanie M. Doctor, Yunhao Liu, Olivia G. Anderson, Amy N. Whitesell, Melchior Kashamuka Mwandagalirwa, Jérémie Muwonga, Corinna Keeler, Michael Emch, Joris L. Likwela, Antoinette Tshefu and Steven R. Meshnick. Malaria Journal 2016 15:350

Is Nigeria winning the battle against malaria? Prevalence, risk factors and KAP assessment among Hausa communities in Kano State

Malaria is o­ne of the most severe global public health problems worldwide, particularly in Africa, where Nigeria has the greatest number of malaria cases. This community-based study was designed to investigate... Salwa Dawaki, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Init Ithoi, Jamaiah Ibrahim, Wahib M. Atroosh, Awatif M. Abdulsalam, Hany Sady, Fatin Nur Elyana, Ado U. Adamu, Saadatu I. Yelwa, Abdulhamid Ahmed, Mona A. Al-Areeqi, Lahvanya R. Subramaniam, Nabil A. Nasr and Yee-Ling Lau. Malaria Journal 2016 15:351

Geo-spatial factors associated with infection risk among young children in rural Ghana: a secondary spatial analysis

Determining the spatial patterns of infection among young children living in a malaria-endemic area may provide a means of locating high-risk populations who could benefit from additional resources for treatm... Ashley M. Aimone, Patrick E. Brown, Stanley H. Zlotkin, Donald C. Cole and Seth Owusu-Agyei. Malaria Journal 2016 15:349

Erratum to: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency prevalence and genetic variants in malaria endemic areas of Colombia

Sócrates Herrera Valencia, Iván Darío Ocampo, María Isabel Arce-Plata, Judith Recht and Myriam Arévalo-Herrera. Malaria Journal 2016 15:348

Prevalence of anti-malarial resistance genes in Dakar, Senegal from 2013 to 2014

To determine the impact of the introduction of ACT o­n parasite susceptibility, a molecular surveillance for antimalarial drug resistance was conducted o­n local isolates ...Agathe Boussaroque, Bécaye Fall, Marylin Madamet, Khalifa Ababacar Wade, Mansour Fall, Aminata Nakoulima, Khadidiatou Ba Fall, Pierre Dionne, Nicolas Benoit, Bakary Diatta, Yaya Diemé, Boubacar Wade and Bruno Pradines. Malaria Journal 2016 15:347

G6PD deficiency and reduced haemoglobin levels in African children with severe malaria

Extensive studies investigating the role of host genetic factors during malaria associate glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency with relative protection. G6PD deficiency had been reported to associate w... Christian N. Nguetse, Christian G. Meyer, Ayola Akim Adegnika, Tsiri Agbenyega, Bernhards R. Ogutu, Peter G. Kremsner and Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan. Malaria Journal 2016 15:346

Spatial distribution estimation of malaria in northern China and its scenarios in 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050

Malaria is o­ne of the most severe parasitic diseases in the world. Spatial distribution estimation of malaria and its future scenarios are important issues for malaria control and elimination. Furthermore, sop... Yongze Song, Yong Ge, Jinfeng Wang, Zhoupeng Ren, Yilan Liao and Junhuan Peng. Malaria Journal 2016 15:345

OptiMal-PK: an internet-based, user-friendly interface for the mathematical-based design of optimized anti-malarial treatment regimens

The search for highly effective anti-malarial therapies has gathered pace and recent years have seen a number of promising single and combined therapies reach the late stages of development. A key drug develop... Ghaith Aljayyoussi, Katherine Kay, Stephen A. Ward and Giancarlo A. Biagini. Malaria Journal 2016 15:344

Erratum to: Monitoring iCCM referral systems: Bugoye Integrated Community Case Management Initiative (BIMI) in Uganda

Lacey English, James S. Miller, Rapheal Mbusa, Michael Matte, Jessica Kenney, Shem Bwambale, Moses Ntaro, Palka Patel, Edgar Mulogo and Geren S. Stone. Malaria Journal 2016 15:343

Factors associated with use of malaria control interventions by pregnant women in Buwunga subcounty, Bugiri District

In Uganda, the Government has promoted the use of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) and insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) as malaria control strategies for pregnant women. Howe... Elizabeth Muhumuza, Noel Namuhani, Bonny Enock Balugaba, Jessica Namata and Elizabeth Ekirapa Kiracho. Malaria Journal 2016 15:342

Assessing supply-side barriers to uptake of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy: a qualitative study and document and record review in two regions of Uganda

Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP), provided as part of routine antenatal care (ANC), is o­ne of three malaria-in-pregnancy prevention and control mechanis...Christian Rassi, Kirstie Graham, Patrobas Mufubenga, Rebecca King, Joslyn Meier and Sam Siduda Gudoi. Malaria Journal 2016 15:341

Impact of using artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria from Plasmodium falciparum in a non-endemic zone

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been adopted by the World Health Organization as a first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. In endemic regions, it has proven more effe... Joaquín Pousibet-Puerto, Joaquín Salas-Coronas, Alicia Sánchez-Crespo, M. Angustias Molina-Arrebola, Manuel J. Soriano-Pérez, M. José Giménez-López, José Vázquez-Villegas and M. Teresa Cabezas-Fernández. Malaria Journal 2016 15:339

Integrated community case management and community-based health planning and services: a cross sectional study o­n the effectiveness of the national implementation for the treatment of malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia

Ghana has developed two main community-based strategies that aim to increase access to quality treatment for malaria, diarrhoea and pneumonia: the Home-based Care (HBC) and the Community-based Health Planning... Blanca Escribano Ferrer, Jayne Webster, Jane Bruce, Solomon A. Narh- Bana, Clement T. Narh, Naa-KorKor Allotey, Roland Glover, Constance Bart-Plange, Isabella Sagoe-Moses, Keziah Malm and Margaret Gyapong. Malaria Journal 2016 15:340

Susceptibility status of Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) commonly used as biological materials for evaluations of malaria vector control tools in Madagascar

Madagascar is a malaria-endemic country with an increase in cases in recent years. In vector control using insecticide, a susceptible strain is necessary to evaluate insecticide efficacy, either for spraying o... Sanjiarizaha Randriamaherijaona, Haja Johnson Velonirina and Sébastien Boyer. Malaria Journal 2016 15:338

Plasma levels of eight different mediators and their potential as biomarkers of various clinical malaria conditions in African children

Plasmodium falciparum infection can lead to several clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infections (AM) and uncomplicated malaria (UM) to potentially fatal severe malaria... Rachida Tahar, Catarina Albergaria, Neil Zeghidour, Vincent Foumane Ngane, Leonardo K. Basco and Christian Roussilhon. Malaria Journal 2016 15:337

Mothers’ perception of recovery and satisfaction with patent medicine dealers’ treatment of childhood febrile conditions in rural communities

Infant mortality in rural areas of Nigeria can be minimized if childhood febrile conditions are treated by trained health personnel, deployed to primary healthcare centres (PHCs) rather than the observed prefe... Georgian Chiaka Ibeneme, Ada Caroline Nwaneri, Sam Chidi Ibeneme, Pauline Ezenduka, Vanessa Strüver, Gehard Fortwengel and Ifeoma Joy Okoye. Malaria Journal 2016 15:336

Molecular monitoring of Plasmodium falciparum super-resistance to sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine in Tanzania

Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) is recommended for prophylactic treatment of malaria in pregnancy while artemisinin combination therapy is the recommended first-line anti-malarial treatment. Selection of SP res... Reginald A. Kavishe, Robert D. Kaaya, Sidsel Nag, Camilla Krogsgaard, Jakob Ginsbak Notland, Adellaida A. Kavishe, Deus Ishengoma, Cally Roper and Michael Alifrangis. Malaria Journal 2016 15:335

Who continues to stock oral artemisinin monotherapy? Results of a provider survey in Myanmar

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is a key strategy for global malaria elimination efforts. However, the development of artemisinin-resistant malaria parasites threatens progress and continued usage ... Si Thu Thein, May Sudhinaraset, Hnin Su Su Khin, Willi McFarland and Tin Aung. Malaria Journal 2016 15:334

Determination of demographic, epidemiological, and socio-economic determinants and their potential impact o­n malaria transmission in Mannar and Trincomalee districts of Sri Lanka

Malaria was an endemic problem in Mannar and Trincomalee districts of Sri Lanka until the recent past. Currently, no local case has been found since October 2012. Therefore, the present study was conducted to... Nayana Gunathilaka, Wimaladharma Abeyewickreme, Menaka Hapugoda and Rajitha Wickremasinghe. Malaria Journal 2016 15:330

Therapeutic efficacy trial of ACT for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria and investigation of mutations in k13 propeller domain in Togo, 2012-2013

Since 2005, the Togo National Malaria Control Programme has recommended two different formulations of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), artesunate–amodiaquine (ASAQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL)... Améyo M. Dorkenoo, Degninou Yehadji, Yao M. Agbo, Yao Layibo, Foli Agbeko, Poukpessi Adjeloh, Kossi Yakpa, Efoe Sossou, Fantchè Awokou and Pascal Ringwald. Malaria Journal 2016 15:331

Common asymptomatic and submicroscopic malaria infections in Western Thailand revealed in longitudinal molecular and serological studies: a challenge to malaria elimination

Despite largely successful control efforts, malaria remains a significant public health problem in Thailand. Based o­n microscopy, the northwestern province of Tak, o­nce Thailand’s highest burden area, is now c... Elisabeth Baum, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Jeeraphat Sirichaisinthop, Kirakorn Kiattibutr, Aarti Jain, Omid Taghavian, Ming-Chieh Lee, D. Huw Davies, Liwang Cui, Philip L. Felgner and Guiyun Yan. Malaria Journal 2016 15:333

Psychiatric effects of malaria and anti-malarial drugs: historical and modern perspectives

The modern medical literature implicates malaria, and particularly the potentially fatal form of cerebral malaria, with a risk of neurocognitive impairment. Yet historically, even milder forms of malaria were... Remington L. Nevin and Ashley M. Croft. Malaria Journal 2016 15:332

Characterization of blood dendritic and regulatory T cells in asymptomatic adults with sub-microscopic Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax infection

Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections compromise dendritic cell (DC) function and expand regulatory T (Treg) cells in both clinical disease (malaria) and experimental h... Steven Kho, Jutta Marfurt, Irene Handayuni, Zuleima Pava, Rintis Noviyanti, Andreas Kusuma, Kim A. Piera, Faustina H. Burdam, Enny Kenangalem, Daniel A. Lampah, Christian R. Engwerda, Jeanne R. Poespoprodjo, Ric N. Price, Nicholas M. Anstey, Gabriela Minigo and Tonia Woodberry

Malaria Journal 2016 15:328

Spatio-temporal variation and socio-demographic characters of malaria in Chimoio municipality, Mozambique

In Africa, urban malaria is a major concern, since the towns and especially their suburbs are growing quickly. In Mozambique, malaria represents 45 % of all cases of outpatient visits and 56 % of inpatient vis... João Luís Ferrão, Jorge M. Mendes, Marco Painho and Sara Z. João. Malaria Journal 2016 15:329

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among Yemeni children residing in malaria-endemic areas of Hodeidah governorate and evaluation of a RDT for its detection

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common genetic enzymopathy worldwide, is associated with an acute haemolytic anaemia in individuals exposed to primaquine. The present study aimed ... Rashad Abdul-Ghani, Mohammed A. K. Mahdy, Reyadh Saif-Ali, Sameer A. Alkubati, Abdulhabib R. Alqubaty, Abdullah A. Al-Mikhlafy, Samira M. Al-Eryani, Abdusalam M. Al-Mekhlafi and Ali Alhaj. Malaria Journal 2016 15:327

Malaria prevention practices and delivery outcome: a cross sectional study of pregnant women attending a tertiary hospital in northeastern Nigeria

Malaria in pregnancy remains a public health problem in Nigeria. It causes maternal anaemia and adversely affects birth outcome leading to low birth weight, abortions and still births. Nigeria has made great s... Hamzat U. Muhammad, Fatima J. Giwa, Adebola T. Olayinka, Shakir M. Balogun, IkeOluwapo Ajayi, Olufemi Ajumobi and Patrick Nguku. Malaria Journal 2016 15:326

Sharp increase of imported P.vivax seen in migrants from Eritrea in Hamburg, Germany

Since 2014, a considerable increase in Plasmodium vivax malaria has been observed in Germany. The majority of cases was seen in Eritrean refugees. Louise Roggelin, Dennis Tappe, Bernd Noack, Marylyn M. Addo, Egbert Tannich and Camilla Rothe. Malaria Journal 2016 15:325

Evaluation of a topical formulation of eprinomectin against Anopheles arabiensis when administered to Zebu cattle (Bos indicus) under field conditions

Although vector control strategies, such as insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) have been effective in Kenya the transmission of malaria continues to afflict western Kenya. T... Saul Lozano-Fuentes, Rebekah C. Kading, Daniel A. Hartman, Edward Okoth, Naftaly Githaka, Vishvanath Nene and Richard M. Poché. Malaria Journal 2016 15:324

Plasmodium Rab5b is secreted to the cytoplasmic face of the tubovesicular network in infected red blood cells together with N-acylated adenylate kinase 2

Rab5 GTPase regulates membrane trafficking between the plasma membrane and endosomes and harbours a conserved C-terminal isoprenyl modification that is necessary for membrane recruitment. P.falciparum en... Kazuo Ebine, Makoto Hirai, Miako Sakaguchi, Kazuhide Yahata, Osamu Kaneko and Yumiko Saito-Nakano. Malaria Journal 2016 15:323

Plasmodium vivax infection: a major determinant of severe anaemia in infancy

Most malarious countries outside of Africa are co-endemic for Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. The comparative burden of anaemia in the community caused by these two species is incompletely characteriz... Enny Kenangalem, Muhammad Karyana, Lenny Burdarm, Shunmay Yeung, Julie A. Simpson, Emiliana Tjitra, Nicholas M. Anstey, Jeanne Rini Poespoprodjo, Ric N. Price and Nicholas M. Douglas. Malaria Journal 2016 15:321

Post-deployment effectiveness of malaria control interventions o­n Plasmodium infections in Madagascar: a comprehensive phase IV assessment

Because international funding for malaria control is plateauing, affected countries that receive foreign funding are expected to maintain a constant budget while continuing to reduce Plasmodium transmission. To i... Thomas Kesteman, Milijaona Randrianarivelojosia, Patrice Piola and Christophe Rogier. Malaria Journal 2016 15:322

Building malaria out: improving health in the home

Malaria prevalence has halved in endemic Africa since 2000, largely driven by the concerted international control effort. To achieve the new global targets for malaria control and elimination by 2030, and to s... Lucy S. Tusting, Barbara Willey and Jo Lines. Malaria Journal 2016 15:320

Erratum to: Epidemiologic features of overseas imported malaria in China

Zhongjie Li, Qian Zhang, Canjun Zheng, Sheng Zhou, Junling Sun, Zike Zhang, Qibin Geng, Honglong Zhang, Liping Wang, Shengjie Lai, Wenbiao Hu, Archie C. A. Clements, Xiao-Nong Zhou and Weizhong Yang. Malaria Journal 2016 15:318

Plasmodium falciparum parasite population structure and gene flow associated to anti-malarial drugs resistance in Cambodia

Western Cambodia is recognized as the epicentre of emergence of Plasmodium falciparum multi-drug resistance. The emergence of artemisinin resistance has been observed in this area since 2008–2009 and molecular si... Ankit Dwivedi, Nimol Khim, Christelle Reynes, Patrice Ravel, Laurence Ma, Magali Tichit, Christiane Bourchier, Saorin Kim, Dany Dourng, Chanra Khean, Pheaktra Chim, Sovannaroth Siv, Roger Frutos, Dysoley Lek, Odile Mercereau-Puijalon, Frédéric Ariey… Malaria Journal 2016 15:319

Real-time measurement of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte cytoadhesion with a quartz crystal microbalance

An important virulence mechanism of the P.falciparum is cytoadhesion, the binding of infected erythrocytes to endothelial cells in the second half of asexual blood stage development. Daniela Kömpf, Jana Held, Stefani F. Müller, Hartmut R. Drechsel, Serena C. Tschan, Hinnak Northoff, Benjamin Mordmüller and Frank K. Gehring. Malaria Journal 2016 15:317

Safety of a single low-dose of primaquine in addition to standard artemether-lumefantrine regimen for treatment of acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Tanzania

This study assessed the safety of the new WHO recommendation of adding a single low-dose of primaquine (PQ) to standard ACT, regardless of in... Richard Mwaiswelo, Billy E. Ngasala, Irina Jovel, Roland Gosling, Zul Premji, Eugenie Poirot, Bruno P. Mmbando, Anders Björkman and Andreas Mårtensson. Malaria Journal 2016 15:316

Prevalence of Plasmodium spp. in illegal gold miners in French Guiana in 2015: a hidden but critical malaria reservoir

Malaria is endemic in French Guiana, an overseas territory of France o­n the Guiana Shield. Since 2005, notified malaria cases are decreasing. However, new data show that malaria affects many Brazilian gold min... Maylis Douine, Lise Musset, Florine Corlin, Stéphane Pelleau, Jérémie Pasquier, Louise Mutricy, Antoine Adenis, Felix Djossou, Paul Brousse, Frédérique Perotti, Helene Hiwat, Stephen Vreden, Magalie Demar and Mathieu Nacher. Malaria Journal 2016 15:315

Ecology of urban malaria vectors in Niamey, Republic of Niger

Urbanization in African cities has major impact o­n malaria risk. Niamey, the capital of the Republic of Niger, is situated in the West African Sahel zone. The short rainy season and human activities linked wit... Rabiou Labbo, Thierry Fandeur, Isabelle Jeanne, Cyril Czeher, Earle Williams, Ibrahim Arzika, Amadou Soumana, Ramatoulaye Lazoumar and Jean-Bernard Duchemin. Malaria Journal 2016 15:314

Use of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets in a population with universal coverage following a mass distribution campaign in Uganda

Uganda conducted an LLIN mass distribution campaign in 2013 with the goal of achieving universal coverage. Using data from the 2014 malaria indicator survey, this analysis estimated the proportion of the popul... Humphrey Wanzira, Henry Katamba and Denis Rubahika. Malaria Journal 2016 15:311

Low-grade SP resistance in P.falciparum parasites from Lubango, Angola

Malaria is a major parasitic disease, affecting millions of people in endemic areas. Plasmodium falciparum parasites are responsible for the most severe cases and its resistance to anti-malarial drugs is notoriou... Elsa P. S. Kaingona-Daniel, Larissa Rodrigues Gomes, Bianca E. Gama, Natália K. Almeida-de-Oliveira, Filomeno Fortes, Didier Ménard, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel. Ribeiro and Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz. Malaria Journal 2016 15:309

Sub-Saharan red cell antigen phenotypes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency variants in French Guiana

The treatment of Plasmodium vivax infections requires the use of primaquine, which can lead to severe haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient individuals. However, most of the Latin Amer... Florence Petit, Pascal Bailly, Jacques Chiaroni and Stéphane Mazières. Malaria Journal 2016 15:310

Experiences of households using integrated malaria prevention in two rural communities in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study

The integrated approach to malaria prevention which advocates use of several methods in a holistic manner is being explored to complement existing strategies. A pilot project that promoted integrated malaria p... David Musoke, George Karani, Rawlance Ndejjo, Peter Okui and Miph Boses Musoke. Malaria Journal 2016 15:313

Hospitalization and ambulatory care in imported-malaria: evaluation of trends and impact o­n mortality. A prospective multicentric 14-year observational study

Hospitalization is usually recommended for imported malaria. The goal of the present study is to evaluate the evolution in clinical pathways while measuring their impact o­n mortality. Enrique Casalino, Aurélie Etienne, France Mentré and Sandrine Houzé. Malaria Journal 2016 15:312

Challenges encountered by local health volunteers in early diagnosis and prompt treatment of malaria in Myanmar artemisinin resistance containment zones

After artemisinin resistance was reported, the Myanmar artemisinin resistance containment (MARC) project was initiated in 2011. o­ne of the activities of MARC is to train volunteers for early diagnosis and pro... Myat Htut Nyunt, Khin Myo Aye, Khin Thiri Kyaw, Soe Soe Han, Thin Thin Aye, Khin Thet Wai and Myat Phone Kyaw. Malaria Journal 2016 15:308

Factors associated with high heterogeneity of malaria at fine spatial scale in the Western Kenyan highlands

The East African highlands are fringe regions between stable and unstable malaria transmission. What factors contribute to the heterogeneity of malaria exposure o­n different spatial scales within larger foci h... Amrish Y. Baidjoe, Jennifer Stevenson, Philip Knight, William Stone, Gillian Stresman, Victor Osoti, Euniah Makori, Chrispin Owaga, Wycliffe Odongo, Pauline China, Shehu Shagari, Simon Kariuki, Chris Drakeley, Jonathan Cox and Teun Bousema. Malaria Journal 2016 15:307

Immunogenetic markers associated with a naturally acquired humoral immune response against an N-terminal antigen of Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (PvMSP-1)

Humoral immune responses against proteins of asexual blood-stage malaria parasites have been associated with clinical immunity. However, variations in the antibody-driven responses may be associated with a ge... Gustavo Capatti Cassiano, Adriana A. C. Furini, Marcela P. Capobianco, Luciane M. Storti-Melo, Maria E. Almeida, Danielle R. L. Barbosa, Marinete M. Póvoa, Paulo A. Nogueira and Ricardo L. D. Machado. Malaria Journal 2016 15:306

Severe anaemia associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection in children: consequences for additional blood sampling for research

P.falciparum infection may cause severe anaemia, particularly in children. When planning a diagnostic study o­n children suspected of severe malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, it w... Laura Maria Francisca Kuijpers, Jessica Maltha, Issa Guiraud, Bérenger Kaboré, Palpouguini Lompo, Hugo Devlieger, Chris Van Geet, Halidou Tinto and Jan Jacobs. Malaria Journal 2016 15:304

Mass testing and treatment for malaria in low transmission areas in Amhara Region, Ethiopia

In areas with o­ngoing malaria transmission, strategies to clear parasites from populations can reduce infection and transmission. The objective of this paper was to describe a malaria mass testing and treatmen... Callie A. Scott, Asnakew K. Yeshiwondim, Belendia Serda, Caterina Guinovart, Berhane H. Tesfay, Adem Agmas, Melkamu T. Zeleke, Girma S. Guesses, Asmamaw L. Ayenew, Worku M. Workie, Richard W. Steketee, Duncan Earle, Belay Bezabih and Asefaw Getachew. Malaria Journal 2016 15:305

Combating poor-quality anti-malarial medicines: a call to action

The circulation of poor-quality medicines continues to undermine the fight against many life-threatening diseases. Anti-malarial medicines appear to have been particularly compromised and present a major publi... Quique Bassat, Marcel Tanner, Philippe J. Guerin, Kirstin Stricker and Kamal Hamed. Malaria Journal 2016 15:302

The biological function of antibodies induced by the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine candidate is determined by their fine specificity

Recent vaccine studies have shown that the magnitude of an antibody response is often insufficient to explain efficacy, suggesting that characteristics regarding the quality of the antibody response, such as i... Sidhartha Chaudhury, Christian F. Ockenhouse, Jason A. Regules, Sheetij Dutta, Anders Wallqvist, Erik Jongert, Norman C. Waters, Franck Lemiale and Elke Bergmann-Leitner. Malaria Journal 2016 15:301

Detection of Plasmodium using filter paper and nested PCR for patients with malaria in Sanliurfa, in Turkey

The objective of this study to detect Plasmodium and a subspecies of Plasmodium using filter paper in malaria endemic province, Sanliurfa, in Turkey, compare the results of nested PCR (nPCR) with microscopy for t... Nebiye Yentur Doni, Fadile Yildiz Zeyrek and Adnan Seyrek. Malaria Journal 2016 15:299

Strengthening individual capacity in monitoring and evaluation of MCP to streamline M&E systems and enhance information use in malaria endemic countries

Malaria control interventions in most endemic countries have intensified in recent years and so there is a need for a robust M&E system to measure progress and achievements. Providi... Ashley Garley, Erin Eckert, Ali Sie, Maurice Ye, Keziah Malm, Edwin A. Afari, Mamadou Sawadogo, Samantha Herrera, Elizabeth Ivanovich and Yazoume Ye. Malaria Journal 2016 15:300

Encouraging impact following 2.5 years of reinforced malaria control interventions in a hyperendemic region of the Republic of Guinea

Malaria is o­ne of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in the Republic of Guinea, particularly in the highly endemic regions. To assist in malaria control efforts, a multi-component malaria control... Amanda Tiffany, Faya Pascal Moundekeno, Alexis Traoré, Melat Haile, Esther Sterk, Timothée Guilavogui, Blaise Genton, Micaela Serafini and Rebecca F. Grais. Malaria Journal 2016 15:298

Erratum to: K13 mutations and pfmdr1 copy number variation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Myanmar

Aye A. Win, Mallika Imwong, Myat P. Kyaw, Charles J. Woodrow, Kesinee Chotivanich, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn and Sasithon Pukrittayakamee. Malaria Journal 2016 15:297

Sustained efficacy of artesunate-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine against Plasmodium falciparum in Yemen and a renewed call for an adjunct single dose primaquine to clear gametocytes

In Yemen, artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS + SP) has been used as first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria, which accounts for about 99 % of malaria cases. There is evidence that... Wahib M. Atroosh, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Georges Snounou, Adel Al-Jasari, Hany Sady, Nabil A. Nasr, Yee-Ling Lau and Johari Surin. Malaria Journal 2016 15:295

Asymptomatic Plasmodium infections in 18 villages of southern Savannakhet Province Laos)

A large fraction of Plasmodium infections do not cause clinical signs and symptoms of disease and persist at densities in blood that are not detectable by microscopy or RDT. These infections ma... Koukeo Phommasone, Bipin Adhikari, Gisela Henriques, Tiengkham Pongvongsa, Panom Phongmany, Lorenz von Seidlein, Nicholas J. White, Nicholas P. J. Day, Arjen M. Dondorp, Paul N. Newton, Mallika Imwong and Mayfong Mayxay. Malaria Journal 2016 15:296

Adhesion of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in ex vivo perfused placental tissue: a novel model of placental malaria

Placental malaria occurs when Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes sequester in the placenta. Placental parasite isolates bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) by expression of VAR2CSA o­n the surface of inf... Caroline Pehrson, Line Mathiesen, Kristine K. Heno, Ali Salanti, Mafalda Resende, Ron Dzikowski, Peter Damm, Stefan R. Hansson, Christopher L. King, Henning Schneider, Christian W. Wang, Thomas Lavstsen, Thor G. Theander, Lisbeth E. Knudsen and Morten A. Nielsen. Malaria Journal 2016 15:292

Malaria and other febrile diseases among travellers: the experience of a reference centre located outside the Brazilian Amazon Region

Malaria is endemic in countries located in tropical and sub-tropical regions. The increasing flow of domestic and international travellers has made malaria a relevant health problem even in non-endemic regions... Andréa Beltrami Dotrário, Lucas José Bazzo Menon, Valdes Roberto Bollela, Roberto Martinez, Daniel Cardoso de Almeida e Araújo, Benedito Antônio Lopes da Fonseca and Rodrigo de C. Santana. Malaria Journal 2016 15:294

First evaluation of bendiocarb in experimental huts using different substrates in Madagascar

Indoor residual spraying with insecticide is recommended for malaria control in high-transmission settings. Determination of residual activity of insecticides is essential for the selection of appropriate indo... Sanjiarizaha Randriamaherijaona, Thiery Nepomichene, Jade Assoukpa, Yoann Madec and Sébastien Boyer. Malaria Journal 2016 15:293

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency prevalence and genetic variants in malaria endemic areas of Colombia

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme involved in prevention of cellular oxidative damage, particularly protecting erythrocytes from haemolysis. An estimated 400 million people present variable... Sócrates Herrera Valencia, Iván Darío Ocampo, María Isabel Arce-Plata, Judith Recht and Myriam Arévalo-Herrera. Malaria Journal 2016 15:291

Factors influencing choice of care-seeking for acute fever comparing private chemical shops with health centres and hospitals in Ghana: a study using case–control methodology

Several public health interventions to improve management of patients with fever are largely focused o­n the public sector yet a high proportion of patients seek care outside the formal healthcare sector. Few s... Evelyn K. Ansah, Margaret Gyapong, Solomon Narh-Bana, Constance Bart-Plange and Christopher J. M. Whitty. Malaria Journal 2016 15:290

A significant association between deltamethrin resistance, P.falciparum infection and the Vgsc-1014S resistance mutation in An.gambiae highlights the epidemiological importance of resistance markers

The success of malaria vector control is threatened by widespread pyrethroid insecticide resistance. However, the extent to which insecticide resistance impacts transmission is unclear. The objective of this s... Bilali Kabula, Patrick Tungu, Emily J. Rippon, Keith Steen, William Kisinza, Stephen Magesa, Franklin Mosha and Martin James Donnelly. Malaria Journal 2016 15:289

Knowledge and awareness of malaria and mosquito biting behaviour in selected sites within Morogoro and Dodoma regions Tanzania

In Tanzania there has been a downward trend in malaria prevalence partly due to use of insecticide-treated bed nets for protection against Anopheles mosquitoes. However, residual malaria transmission attributed t... Mary M. Mathania, Sharadhuli I. Kimera and Richard S. Silayo. Malaria Journal 2016 15:287

The epidemiology of residual Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission and infection burden in an African city with high coverage of multiple vector control measures

In the Tanzanian city of Dar es Salaam, high coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), larvicide application (LA) and mosquito-proofed housing, was complemented with improved access to artemisinin-ba... Daniel Msellemu, Hagai I. Namango, Victoria M. Mwakalinga, Alex J. Ntamatungiro, Yeromin Mlacha, Zacharia J. Mtema, Samson Kiware, Neil F. Lobo, Silas Majambere, Stefan Dongus, Christopher J. Drakeley, Nicodem J. Govella, Prosper P. Chaki and Gerry F. Killeen. Malaria Journal 2016 15:288

Oral artemisinin monotherapy removal from the private sector in Eastern Myanmar between 2012 and 2014

In 2012 the Artemisinin Monotherapy Therapy Replacement (AMTR) project was implemented in Eastern Myanmar to increase access to subsidized, quality-assured artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) and to remove o... Hnin Su Su Khin, Tin Aung, Aung Thi and Chris White. Malaria Journal 2016 15:286

High efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine and declining efficacy of AS + SP against P.falciparum in Sudan (2010–2015): evidence from in vivo and molecular marker studies

The present paper reports o­n studies that evaluated artesunate + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS + SP) which is the first-line drug and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) which is a second-line drug against uncomplica... Ahmed A. Adeel, Fahad Awad Ali Elnour, Khalid Abdalmutalab Elmardi, Mona B. Abd-Elmajid, Mai Mahmoud Elhelo, Mousab S. Ali, Mariam A. Adam, Hoda Atta, Ghasem Zamani, Marian Warsame, Amy Barrette, Hanan El Mohammady and Rania A. Nada. Malaria Journal 2016 15:285

Village malaria worker performance key to the elimination of artemisinin-resistant malaria: a Western Cambodia health system assessment

Village malaria workers (VMWs) and mobile malaria workers (MMWs) are a critical component of Cambodia’s national strategy to eliminate Plasmodium falciparum malaria by 2025. Since 2004, VMWs have been providing... Sara E. Canavati, Saranath Lawpoolsri, Cesia E. Quintero, Chea Nguon, Po Ly, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, David Sintasath, Pratap Singhasivanon, Koen Peeters Grietens and Maxine Anne Whittaker. Malaria Journal 2016 15:282

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