Differential kinetic profiles and metabolism of primaquine enantiomers by human hepatocytes

The clinical utility of primaquine (PQ), used as a racemic mixture of two enantiomers, is limited due to metabolism-linked hemolytic toxicity in individuals with genetic deficiency in glucose-6-phosphate dehyd...Pius S. Fasinu, Bharathi Avula, Babu L. Tekwani, N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara, Yan-Hong Wang, H. M. T. Bandara Herath, James D. McChesney, Gregory A. Reichard, Sean R. Marcsisin, Mahmoud A. Elsohly, Shabana I. Khan, Ikhlas A. Khan and Larry A. Walker. Malaria Journal 2016 15:224

Most outdoor malaria transmission by behaviourally-resistant Anopheles arabiensis is mediated by mosquitoes that have previously been inside houses

Anopheles arabiensis is stereotypical of diverse vectors that mediate residual malaria transmission globally, because it can feed outdoors upon humans or cattle, or enter but then rapi... Gerry F. Killeen, Nicodem J. Govella, Dickson W. Lwetoijera and Fredros O. Okumu Malaria Journal 2016 15:225

Seasonality and shift in age-specific malaria prevalence and incidence in Binko and Carrière villages close to the lake in Selingué, Mali

Malaria transmission in Mali is seasonal and peaks at the end of the rainy season in October. This study assessed the seasonal variations in the epidemiology of malaria among children under 10 years of age liv... Mahamoudou Touré, Daouda Sanogo, Soumaila Dembele, Sory Ibrahima Diawara, Karen Oppfeldt, Karin L. Schiøler, Dade Ben Haidara, Sékou F. Traoré, Michael Alifrangis, Flemming Konradsen and Seydou Doumbia Malaria Journal 2016 15:219

Effectiveness of the delivery of interventions to prevent malaria in pregnancy in Kenya

Coverage with malaria in pregnancy interventions remains unacceptably low. Implementation research is needed to identify and quantify the bottlenecks for the delivery and use of these life-saving interventions... Stephanie Dellicour, Jenny Hill, Jane Bruce, Peter Ouma, Doris Marwanga, Peter Otieno, Meghna Desai, Mary J. Hamel, Simon Kariuki and Jayne Webster Malaria Journal 2016 15:221

The effects of electricity network development besides routine malaria control measures in an underdeveloped region in the pre-elimination phase

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electricity network development o­n malaria transmission. The study was performed in the rural areas of three districts in Sistan-va-Baluchestan ...Shahrokh Izadi Malaria Journal 2016 15:222

Ecological influences o­n the behaviour and fertility of malaria parasites

Sexual reproduction in the mosquito is essential for the transmission of malaria parasites and a major target for transmission-blocking interventions. Male gametes need to locate and fertilize females in the c... Lucy M. Carter, Laura C. Pollitt, Laurence G. Wilson and Sarah E. Reece Malaria Journal 2016 15:220

ARAM: an automated image analysis software to determine rosetting parameters and parasitaemia in Plasmodium samples

Rosetting is associated with severe malaria and a primary cause of death in Plasmodium falciparum infections. Detailed understanding of this adhesive phenomenon may enable the development of new therapies interfe... Patrick Wolfgang Kudella, Kirsten Moll, Mats Wahlgren, Achim Wixforth and Christoph Westerhausen Malaria Journal 2016 15:223

A zoonotic human infection with simian malaria, Plasmodium knowlesi, in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

The Indonesian archipelago is endemic for malaria. Although Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are the most common causes for malaria cases, P. malariae and P. ovale are also present in certain regions. Zoonotic... Wuryantari Setiadi, Herawati Sudoyo, Hidayat Trimarsanto, Boy Adventus Sihite, Riahdo Juliarman Saragih, Rita Juliawaty, Suradi Wangsamuda, Puji Budi Setia Asih and Din Syafruddin Malaria Journal 2016 15:218

Assessment of the impact of the malaria elimination programme o­n the burden of disease morbidity in endemic areas of Iran

Controlling and preventive measures considerably reduced malaria incidence in Iran over the past few years, which confined the endemic areas to some regions in the southeastern Iran. The National Malaria Elimi... Khodadad Sheikhzadeh, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Abbas Bahrampour, Farzaneh Zolala and Ahmad Raeisi Malaria Journal 2016 15:209

Treatment and prevention of malaria in pregnancy in the private health sector in Uganda: implications for patient safety

Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health problem in Uganda; and it is the leading cause of anaemia among pregnant women and low birth weight in infants. Previous studies have noted poor quality of care in... Anthony K. Mbonye, Esther Buregyeya, Elizeus Rutebemberwa, Siân E. Clarke, Sham Lal, Kristian S. Hansen, Pascal Magnussen and Philip LaRussa Malaria Journal 2016 15:212

The role of red blood cell exchange for severe imported malaria in the artesunate era: a retrospective cohort study in a referral centre

Intravenous artesunate has replaced quinine as the first-line therapy for severe imported malaria, given its anti-malarial superiority shown in clinical trials conducted in endemic countries. Evidence for red ... Antonia Calvo-Cano, Joan Gómez-Junyent, Miguel Lozano, Pedro Castro, Joan Cid, Jose María Nicolás, Llorenç Quintó, Maite Martin, Jose Muñoz and Joaquim Gascon Malaria Journal 2016 15:216

Perceptions and practices for preventing malaria in pregnancy in a peri-urban setting in south-western Uganda

Malaria in pregnancy contributes greatly to maternal morbidity and mortality in Uganda. Thus it is urgent to identify possible barriers that limit access to existing interventions. The aim of this study was to... Anthony K. Mbonye, Said M. Mohamud and James Bagonza Malaria Journal 2016 15:211

Use of thin-layer chromatography to detect counterfeit sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine tablets with the wrong active ingredient in Malawi

Substandard and falsified anti-malarial medicines pose a serious threat to public health, especially in low-income countries. Appropriate technologies for drug quality analysis in resource-limited settings are... Felix Khuluza, Stephen Kigera, Richard W. O. Jähnke and Lutz Heide Malaria Journal 2016 15:215

Consolidating tactical planning and implementation frameworks for integrated vector management in Uganda

Integrated vector management (IVM) is the recommended approach for controlling some vector-borne diseases (VBD). In the face of current challenges to disease vector control, IVM is vital to achieve national ta... Michael Okia, Peter Okui, Myers Lugemwa, John M. Govere, Vincent Katamba, John B. Rwakimari, Betty Mpeka and Emmanuel Chanda Malaria Jour. 2016

Malaria illness mediated by anaemia lessens cognitive development in younger Ugandan children

Asymptomatic falciparum malaria is associated with poorer cognitive performance in African schoolchildren and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria improves cognitive outcomes. However, the developmenta... Michael J. Boivin, Alla Sikorskii, Itziar Familiar-Lopez, Horacio Ruiseñor-Escudero, Mary Muhindo, James Kapisi, Victor Bigira, Judy K. Bass, Robert O. Opoka, Noeline Nakasujja, Moses Kamya and Grant Dorsey Malaria Journal 2016

Comparing ownership and use of bed nets at two sites with differential malaria transmission in western Kenya

Challenges persist in ensuring access to and optimal use of long-lasting, insecticidal bed nets (LLINs). Factors associated with ownership and use may differ depending o­n the history of malaria and prevention ...Kacey C. Ernst, Mary H. Hayden, Heather Olsen, Jamie L. Cavanaugh, Irene Ruberto, Maurice Agawo and Stephen Munga Malaria Journal 2016 15:217

Identification of different malaria patterns due to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in Ethiopian children: a prospective cohort study

The identification of epidemiological pattern of infection with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in malaria-endemic area, where multiple episodes are common, is important for intervention programmes. Dinberu Seyoum, Yehenew Getachew Kifle, Virginie Rondeau, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Luc Duchateau, Angel Rosas-Aguirre and Niko Speybroeck Malaria Journal 2016 15:208

Malaria hotspots defined by clinical malaria, asymptomatic carriage, PCR and vector numbers in a low transmission area o­n the Kenyan Coast

Targeted malaria control interventions are expected to be cost-effective. Clinical, parasitological and serological markers of malaria transmission have been used to detect malaria transmission hotspots, but f... David Tiga Kangoye, Abdisalan Noor, Janet Midega, Joyce Mwongeli, Dora Mkabili, Polycarp Mogeni, Christine Kerubo, Pauline Akoo, Joseph Mwangangi, Chris Drakeley, Kevin Marsh, Philip Bejon and Patricia Njuguna Malaria Jour.2016

A highly infectious Plasmodium yoelii parasite, bearing Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein

Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein (CSP) is a major surface antigen present in the sporozoite (Spz) stage of a malaria parasite. RTS, S vaccine, the most clinically advanced malaria v... Min Zhang, Izumi Kaneko, Tiffany Tsao, Robert Mitchell, Elizabeth H. Nardin, Shiroh Iwanaga, Masao Yuda and Moriya Tsuji Malaria Journal 2016 15:201

Plasmodium copy number variation scan: gene copy numbers evaluation in haploid genomes

In eukaryotic genomes, deletion or amplification rates have been estimated to be a thousand more frequent than single nucleotide variation. In Plasmodium falciparum, relatively few transcription factors have been... Johann Beghain, Anne-Claire Langlois, Eric Legrand, Laura Grange, Nimol Khim, Benoit Witkowski, Valentine Duru, Laurence Ma, Christiane Bouchier, Didier Ménard, Richard E. Paul and Frédéric Ariey Malaria Journal 2016 15:206

Large contractors in Africa: conundrums with malaria chemoprophylaxis

Despite high levels of naturally-acquired immunity (NAI) within local communities in malaria high transmission settings in Africa, such people often experience clinical disease during peak transmission months ... Leo Braack Malaria Journal 2016 15:207

Early prediction of cerebral malaria by ¹H NMR based metabolomics

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a life-threatening disease, caused mainly by Plasmodium falciparum in humans. In adults o­nly 1–2 % of P. falciparum-infected hosts transit to the cerebral form of the disease while most ...Soumita Ghosh, Arjun Sengupta, Shobhona Sharma and Haripalsingh M. Sonawat Malaria Journal 2016 15:198

Recent advances in the biology and drug targeting of malaria parasite aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases

Escalating drug resistance in malaria parasites and lack of vaccine entails the discovery of novel drug targets and inhibitor molecules. The multi-component protein translation machinery is a rich source of su... Sameena Khan Malaria Journal 2016 15:203

Key traveller groups of relevance to spatial malaria transmission: a survey of movement patterns in four sub-Saharan African countries

As malaria prevalence declines in many parts of the world due to widescale control efforts and as drug-resistant parasites begin to emerge, a quantitative understanding of human movement is becoming increasing... John M. Marshall, Mahamoudou Touré, André Lin Ouédraogo, Micky Ndhlovu, Samson S. Kiware, Ashley Rezai, Emmy Nkhama, Jamie T. Griffin, T. Deirdre Hollingsworth, Seydou Doumbia, Nicodem J. Govella, Neil M. Ferguson and Azra C. Ghani Malaria Journal 2016 15:200

Evidence of new species for malaria vector Anopheles nuneztovari sensu lato in the Brazilian Amazon region

Anopheles nuneztovari sensu lato comprises cryptic species in northern South America, and the Brazilian populations encompass distinct genetic lineages within the Brazilian Amazon regi... Vera Margarete Scarpassa, Antonio Saulo Cunha-Machado and José Ferreira Saraiva Malaria Journal 2016 15:205

Correlations between household occupancy and malaria vector biting risk in rural Tanzanian villages: implications for high-resolution spatial targeting of control interventions

Fine-scale targeting of interventions is increasingly important where epidemiological disease profiles depict high geographical stratifications. This study verified correlations between household biomass and m... Emmanuel W. Kaindoa, Gustav Mkandawile, Godfrey Ligamba, Louise A. Kelly-Hope and Fredros O. Okumu Malaria Journal 2016 15:199

Malaria in three epidemiological strata in Mauritania

Malaria epidemiology in Mauritania has been characterized o­n the basis of epidemiological strata, defined by climatic and geographic features, which divide the country into three zones: Sahelian zone, Sahelo-S... Mohamed Ouldabdallahi Moukah, Ousmane Ba, Hampaté Ba, Mohamed Lemine Ould Khairy, Ousmane Faye, Hervé Bogreau, Frédéric Simard and Leonardo K. Basco Malaria Journal 2016 15:204

Global genetic diversity of the Plasmodium vivax transmission-blocking vaccine candidate Pvs48/45

Plasmodium vivax 48/45 protein is expressed o­n the surface of gametocytes/gametes and plays a key role in gamete fusion during fertilization. This protein was recently expressed in Esc... Andres F. Vallejo, Nora L. Martinez, Alejandra Tobon, Jackeline Alger, Marcus V. Lacerda, Andrey V. Kajava, Myriam Arévalo-Herrera and Sócrates Herrera Malaria Jour 2016

‘Some anti-malarials are too strong for your body, they will harm you.’ Socio-cultural factors influencing pregnant women’s adherence to anti-malarial treatment in rural Gambia

Despite declining prevalence of malaria in The Gambia, non-adherence to anti-malarial treatment still remains a challenge to control efforts. There is limited evidence o­n the socio-cultural factors that influe... Fatou Jaiteh, Susan Dierickx, Charlotte Gryseels, Sarah O’Neill, Umberto D’Alessandro, Susana Scott, Julie Balen and Koen Peeters Grietens Malaria Jour 2016

It could be viral but you don’t know, you have not diagnosed it: health worker challenges in managing non-malaria paediatric fevers in the low transmission area of Mbarara District, Uganda

In 2012, Uganda initiated nationwide deployment of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) as recommended by national guidelines. Yet growing concerns about RDT non-compliance in various settings have spurred cal...Emily White Johansson, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Chrispus Mayora, Phyllis Awor, Stefan Swartling Peterson, Henry Wamani and Helena Hildenwall Malaria Journal 2016 15:197

Factors associated with the use of mosquito bed nets: results from two cross-sectional household surveys in Zambézia Province, Mozambique

Malaria remains a major threat to some 3.2 billion persons globally. Malaria contributes heavily to the overall disease burden in Mozambique and is considered endemic. A cornerstone of Mozambique’s vector cont... Troy D. Moon, Caleb B. Hayes, Meridith Blevins, Melanie L. Lopez, Ann F. Green, Lazaro González-Calvo and Omo Olupona Malaria Journal 2016 15:196

High heterogeneity of malaria transmission and a large sub-patent and diverse reservoir of infection in Wusab As Safil district, Republic of Yemen

Yemen remains the country with the highest malaria transmission within the Arabian Peninsula and a source of imported cases to neighbouring countries. Jackie Cook, Lynn Grignard, Samira Al-Eryani, Mustafa Al-Selwei, Abraham Mnzava, Hafed Al-Yarie, Alison Rand, Immo Kleinschmidt and Chris Drakeley Malaria Journal 2016 15:193

Malaria vector populations across ecological zones in Guinea Conakry and Mali, West Africa

Malaria remains a pervasive public health problem in sub-Saharan West Africa. Here mosquito vector populations were explored across four sites in Mali and the Republic of Guinea (Guinea Conakry). The study sam... Boubacar Coulibaly, Raymond Kone, Mamadou S. Barry, Becky Emerson, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Oumou Niare, Abdoul H. Beavogui, Sekou F. Traore, Kenneth D. Vernick and Michelle M. Riehle Malaria Journal 2016 15:191

Behaviour and molecular identification of Anopheles malaria vectors in Jayapura district, Papua province, Indonesia

Members of the Anopheles punctulatus group dominate Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea (PNG), with a geographic range that extends south through Vanuatu. An. farauti and An. punctulatus are the presumed major ... Brandy St. Laurent, Sukowati Supratman, Puji Budi Setia Asih, David Bretz, John Mueller, Helen Catherine Miller, Amirullah Baharuddin, Shinta, Asik Surya, Michelle Ngai, Ferdinand Laihad, Din Syafruddin, William A. Hawley, Frank H. Collins and Neil F. Lobo Malaria Journal 2016 15:192

Evidence of successful malaria case management policy implementation in Cambodia: results from national ACTwatch outlet surveys

For over a decade, Cambodia has implemented a number of policies and innovative strategies to increase access to quality malaria case management services and address the drivers of multi-drug resistance. This ... Joe Novotny, Amandeep Singh, Lek Dysoley, Siv Sovannaroth and Huy Rekol Malaria Journal 2016 15:194

A qualitative study of health professionals’ uptake and perceptions of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Burkina Faso

Since 2012, rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for malaria have been in use nationwide in Burkina Faso. The objective is to strengthen health professionals’ diagnostic capabilities and promote good therapeutic pract... Sylvie Zongo, Valérie Farquet and Valéry Ridde Malaria Journal 2016 15:190

Stakeholders’ opinions and questions regarding the anticipated malaria vaccine in Tanzania

Within the context of combined interventions, malaria vaccine may provide additional value in malaria prevention. Stakeholders’ perspectives are thus critical for informed recommendation of the vaccine in Tanz... Sally Mtenga, Angela Kimweri, Idda Romore, Ali Ali, Amon Exavery, Elisa Sicuri, Marcel Tanner, Salim Abdulla, John Lusingu and Shubi Kafuruki Malaria Journal 2016 15:189

Erratum to: B cell sub-types following acute malaria and associations with clinical immunity

Richard T. Sullivan, Isaac Ssewanyana, Samuel Wamala, Felistas Nankya, Prasanna Jagannathan, Jordan W. Tappero, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Mary K. Muhindo, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Moses Kamya, Grant Dorsey, Margaret E. Feeney, Eleanor M. Riley, Chris J. Drakeley and Bryan Greenhouse Malaria Journal 2016 15:188 Published o­n: 31 March 2016

Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT) isoforms PH1 and PH2 perturb vacuolar physiology

Recent work has perfected yeast-based methods for measuring drug transport by the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine (CQ) resistance transporter (PfCRT). Paul S. Callaghan, Amila Siriwardana, Matthew R. Hassett and Paul D. Roepe Malaria Journal 2016 15:186

Cerebral malaria is associated with long-term mental health disorders: a cross sectional survey of a long-term cohort

Cerebral malaria (CM) and severe malarial anaemia (SMA) are associated with neuro-developmental impairment in African children, but long-term mental health disorders in these children are not well defined. Richard Idro, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Benjamin Asea, Keron Ssebyala, Paul Bangirana, Robert O. Opoka, Samson K. Lubowa, Margaret Semrud-Clikeman, Chandy C. John and Joyce Nalugya Malaria Journal 2016 15:184

Parasite clearance rates in Upper Myanmar indicate a distinctive artemisinin resistance phenotype: a therapeutic efficacy study

Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum extends across Southeast Asia where it is associated with worsening partner drug resistance and a decline in the efficacy of frontline artemisinin-based combination... Kyaw Myo Tun, Atthanee Jeeyapant, Mallika Imwong, Min Thein, Sai Soe Moe Aung, Tin Maung Hlaing, Prayoon Yuentrakul, Cholrawee Promnarate, Mehul Dhorda, Charles J. Woodrow, Arjen M. Dondorp, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Frank M. Smithuis, Nicholas J. White and Nicholas P. J. Day Malaria Journal 2016 15:185

Determinants of delay in malaria care-seeking behaviour for children 15 years and under in Bata district, Equatorial Guinea

Malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age in Equatorial Guinea. Early appropriate treatment can reduce progression of the illness to severe stages, thus reducing... Maria Romay-Barja, Jorge Cano, Policarpo Ncogo, Gloria Nseng, Maria A. Santana-Morales, Basilio Valladares, Matilde Riloha and Agustin Benito Malaria Journal 2016 15:187

Reviewer acknowledgement 2015

Marcel Hommel Malaria Journal 2016 15:183

Genomic signatures of population decline in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Population genomic features such as nucleotide diversity and linkage disequilibrium are expected to be strongly shaped by changes in population size, and might therefore be useful for monitoring the success of... Samantha M. O’Loughlin, Stephen M. Magesa, Charles Mbogo, Franklin Mosha, Janet Midega and Austin Burt Malaria Journal 2016 15:182

Persistent Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections in a western Cambodian population: implications for prevention, treatment and elimination strategies

Subclinical Plasmodium parasitaemia is an important reservoir for the transmission and persistence of malaria, particularly in low transmission areas. Rupam Tripura, Thomas J. Peto, Jeremy Chalk, Sue J. Lee, Pasathorn Sirithiranont, Chea Nguon, Mehul Dhorda, Lorenz von Seidlein, Richard J. Maude, Nicholas P. J. Day, Mallika Imwong, Nicholas J. White and Arjen M. Dondorp Malaria Journal 2016 15:181

Discovering the cost of care: consumer, provider, and retailer surveys shed light o­n the determinants of malaria health-seeking behaviours

The growing threat of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes and drug resistance in the Plasmodium parasites increases the importance of ensuring appropriate malaria case management and enabling positive health-see... Amruta Dixit, Ming-Chieh Lee, Brittany Goettsch, Yaw Afrane, Andrew K. Githeko and Guiyun Yan Malaria Journal 2016 15:179

Development and evaluation of a spatial decision support system for malaria elimination in Bhutan

Bhutan has reduced its malaria incidence significantly in the last 5 years, and is aiming for malaria elimination by 2016. To assist with the management of the Bhutanese malaria elimination programme a spatial... Kinley Wangdi, Cathy Banwell, Michelle L. Gatton, Gerard C. Kelly, Rinzin Namgay and Archie CA Clements Malaria Journal 2016 15:180

Sex-dependent differences in avian malaria prevalence and consequences of infections o­n nestling growth and adult condition in the Tawny pipit, Anthus campestris

Parasites play pivotal roles in host population dynamics and can have strong ecological impacts o­n hosts. Knowledge of the effects of parasites o­n hosts is often limited by the general observation of a fractio... María Calero-Riestra and Jesus T. García Malaria Journal 2016 15:178

Feasibility, acceptability and impact of integrating malaria rapid diagnostic tests and pre-referral rectal artesunate into the integrated community case management programme. A pilot study in Mchinji district, Malawi

The World Health Organization recommends that persons of all ages suspected of malaria should receive a parasitological confirmation of malaria by use of malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) at community level,... Themba B. Phiri, Blessings N. Kaunda-Khangamwa, Andrew Bauleni, Tiyese Chimuna, David Melody, Humphreys Kalengamaliro, John H. Sande, Humphreys Kampira Nsona and Don P. Mathanga Malaria Journal 2016 15:177

Low prevalence of Plasmodium and absence of malaria transmission in Conakry, Guinea: prospects for elimination

Over the past 15 years, mortality and morbidity due to malaria have been reduced substantially in sub-Saharan Africa and local elimination has been achieved in some settings. This study addresses the bio-ecolo... Bernard L. Kouassi, Dziedzom K. de Souza, Andre Goepogui, Siradiou M. Balde, Lamia Diakité, Arsène Sagno, Georgina I. Djameh, Frédérique Chammartin, Penelope Vounatsou, Moses J. Bockarie, Jürg Utzinger and Benjamin G. Koudou Malaria Journal 2016 15:175

Durability of Olyset campaign nets distributed between 2009 and 2011 in eight districts of Tanzania

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the first line choice for malaria vector control in sub-Saharan Africa, with most countries adopting universal coverage campaigns. However, there is o­nly limited info... Dennis J. Massue, Sarah J. Moore, Zawadi D. Mageni, Jason D. Moore, John Bradley, Olivier Pigeon, Erasto J. Maziba, Renata Mandike, Karen Kramer, William N. Kisinza, Hans J. Overgaard and Lena M. Lorenz Malaria Journal 2016 15:176

Assessment of the usage and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment and insecticide-treated nets o­n the indicators of malaria among pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Malaria in pregnancy is an immense public health problem with at least 50 million pregnant women living in malaria endemic areas. To prevent malaria and its complications in pregnancy the World Health Organiza... Eric Bertrand Fokam, Leonard Ngimuh, Judith K. Anchang-Kimbi and Samuel Wanji Malaria Journal 2016 15:172

Identification of Plasmodium falciparum specific translation inhibitors from the MMV Malaria Box using a high throughput in vitro translation screen

A major goal in the search for new anti-malarial compounds is to identify new mechanisms of action or new molecular targets. While cell-based, growth inhibition-based screening have enjoyed tremendous success,... Vida Ahyong, Christine M. Sheridan, Kristoffer E. Leon, Jessica N. Witchley, Jonathan Diep and Joseph L. DeRisi Malaria Journal 2016 15:173

Factors associated with malaria chemoprophylaxis compliance among French service members deployed in Central African Republic

Malaria is a public health concern in the French armed forces, with 400–800 cases reported every year and three deaths in the past 2 years. However, lack of chemoprophylaxis (CP) compliance is often reported a... Marie-Aude Créach, Guillaume Velut, Franck de Laval, Sébastien Briolant, Luc Aigle, Catherine Marimoutou, Xavier Deparis, Jean-Baptiste Meynard, Bruno Pradines, Fabrice Simon, Rémy Michel and Aurélie Mayet Malaria Journal 2016 15:174

Erratum to: Imported malaria including HIV and pregnant woman risk groups: overview of the case of a Spanish city 2004–2014

María Fernández López, Jose Manuel Ruiz Giardín, Juan Víctor San Martín López, Jerónimo Jaquetti, Isabel García Arata, Carolina Jiménez Navarro and Noemi Cabello Clotet Malaria Journal 2016 15:170

Erratum to: Synergistic anti-malarial action of cryptolepine and artemisinins

Arnold D. Forkuo, Charles Ansah, Kwesi M. Boadu, Johnson N. Boampong, Elvis O. Ameyaw, Ben A. Gyan, Andrea T. Arku and Michael F. Ofori Malaria Journal 2016 15:171

Construction site workers’ malaria knowledge and treatment-seeking pattern in a highly endemic urban area of India

Construction sites are potential breeding places for some species of mosquitoes. Construction workers usually stay at the construction sites, thus being extremely susceptible to malaria. For malaria control, a... Siddharudha Shivalli, Sudarshan Pai, Kibballi Madhukeshwar Akshaya and Neevan D’Souza Malaria Journal 2016 15:168

Reusing larval rearing water and its effect o­n development and quality of Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes

There is growing interest in applying the sterile insect technique (SIT) against mosquitoes. Mass production of mosquitoes for large-scale releases demands a huge amount of water. Yet, many arid and/or seasona... Wadaka Mamai, Rosemary Susan Lees, Hamidou Maiga and Jeremie R. L. Gilles Malaria Journal 2016 15:169

Larval habitats of the Anopheles farauti and Anopheles lungae complexes in the Solomon Islands

There is an urgent need for vector control tools to supplement long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying; particularly in the Solomon Islands where the primary vector, Anopheles farauti,... Tanya L. Russell, Thomas R. Burkot, Hugo Bugoro, Allan Apairamo, Nigel W. Beebe, Weng K. Chow, Robert D. Cooper, Frank H. Collins and Neil F. Lobo Malaria Journal 2016 15:164

Immunogenicity of a chimeric Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein vaccine in Aotus monkeys

The production of properly folded, recombinant sub-unit Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine candidates in sufficient quantities is often a challenge. Success in vaccine immunogenicity studies in small animal mo... James M. Burns, Kazutoyo Miura, JoAnn Sullivan, Carole A. Long and John W. Barnwell Malaria Journal 2016 15:159

Effect of mild medical hypothermia o­n in vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum and the activity of anti-malarial drugs

Cerebral malaria remains a medical emergency with high mortality. Hypo-perfusion due to obstructed blood vessels in the brain is thought to play a key role in the pathophysiology of cerebral malaria leading to... Khalid Rehman, Ulrich Sauerzopf, Luzia Veletzky, Felix Lötsch, Mirjam Groger and Michael Ramharter Malaria Journal 2016 15:162

The diagnostic accuracy of the hand-held Raman spectrometer for the identification of anti-malarial drugs

There is a need for accurate and field-applicable instruments for the evaluation of the quality of anti-malarial drugs. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the NanoRam^®, a handheld R... Benjamin J. Visser, Sophia G. de Vries, Emmanuel B. Bache, Janneke Meerveld-Gerrits, Daniëlle Kroon, Jimmy Boersma, Selidji T. Agnandji, Michèle van Vugt and Martin P. Grobusch Malaria Journal 2016 15:160

Does insecticide resistance contribute to heterogeneities in malaria transmission in The Gambia?

Malaria hotspots, areas with consistently higher than average transmission, may become increasingly common as malaria declines. This phenomenon, currently observed in The Gambia, may be caused by several facto... Kevin Ochieng’ Opondo, David Weetman, Musa Jawara, Mathurin Diatta, Amfaal Fofana, Florence Crombe, Julia Mwesigwa, Umberto D’Alessandro and Martin James Donnelly Malaria Journal 2016 15:166

Generation of Plasmodium falciparum parasite-inhibitory antibodies by immunization with recombinantly-expressed CyRPA

The pathogenesis of malaria is primarily associated with blood-stage infection and there is strong evidence that antibodies specific for parasite blood-stage antigens can control parasitaemia. This provides a ... Paola Favuzza, Simon Blaser, Anita M. Dreyer, Guy Riccio, Marco Tamborrini, Ralf Thoma, Hugues Matile and Gerd Pluschke Malaria Journal 2016 15:161

Tying malaria and microRNAs: from the biology to future diagnostic perspectives

Symptoms caused by bacterial, viral and malarial infections usually overlap and aetiologic diagnosis is difficult. Patient management in low-resource countries with limited laboratory services has been based p... Mercedes Rubio, Quique Bassat, Xavier Estivill and Alfredo Mayor Malaria Journal 2016 15:167

Comparative performance of three experimental hut designs for measuring malaria vector responses to insecticides in Tanzania

Experimental huts are simplified, standardized representations of human habitations that provide model systems to evaluate insecticides used in indoor residual spray (IRS) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (L... Dennis J. Massue, William N. Kisinza, Bernard B. Malongo, Charles S. Mgaya, John Bradley, Jason D. Moore, Filemoni F. Tenu and Sarah J. Moore Malaria Journal 2016 15:165

Health workers’ compliance to rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to guide malaria treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The World Health Organization recommends malaria to be confirmed by either microscopy or a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) before treatment. The correct use of RDTs in resource-limited settings facilitates basing ... Alinune N. Kabaghe, Benjamin J. Visser, Rene Spijker, Kamija S. Phiri, Martin P. Grobusch and Michèle van Vugt Malaria Journal 2016

There is no free here, you have to pay”: actual and perceived costs as barriers to intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in Mali

“There is no free here,” the words of a Malian husband, illustrate how perceptions of cost can deter uptake of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp). The Malian Ministry of Health (M... Meredith C. Klein, Steven A. Harvey, Hawa Diarra, Emily A. Hurley, Namratha Rao, Samba Diop and Seydou Doumbia Malaria Journal 2016 15:158

Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from concurrent malaria and arbovirus co-infections in Kedougou, southeastern Senegal

Concurrent malaria and arbovirus infections are common and represent an important public health concern in regions where both diseases are endemic. The present study investigates the genetic diversity and comp... Makhtar Niang, Cheikh Loucoubar, Abdourahmane Sow, Moussa Moise Diagne, Oumar Faye, Ousmane Faye, Mawlouth Diallo, Aissatou Toure-Balde and Amadou A. Sall Malaria Journal 2016 15:155

Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia and clinical malaria among school children living in a high transmission setting in western Kenya

Malaria among school children is increasingly receiving attention, yet the burden of malaria in this age group is poorly defined. This study presents data o­n malaria morbidity among school children in Bungoma. Stella Kepha, Birgit Nikolay, Fred Nuwaha, Charles S. Mwandawiro, Joaniter Nankabirwa, Juliet Ndibazza, Jorge Cano, Damaris Matoke-Muhia, Rachel L. Pullan, Elizabeth Allen, Katherine E. Halliday and Simon J. Brooker Malar Jour 2016

A method to preserve low parasitaemia Plasmodium-infected avian blood for host and vector infectivity assays

Avian malaria vector competence studies are needed to understand more succinctly complex avian parasite-vector-relations. The lack of vector competence trials may be attributed to the difficulty of obtaining g... Jenny S. Carlson, Federico Giannitti, Gediminas Valkiūnas, Lisa A. Tell, Joy Snipes, Stan Wright and Anthony J. Cornel Malaria Journal 2016 15:154

Endogenously-expressed NH₂-terminus of circumsporozoite protein interferes with sporozoite invasion of mosquito salivary glands

The circumsporozoite protein is the most abundant polypeptide expressed by sporozoites, the malaria parasite stage capable of infecting humans. Sporozoite invasion of mosquito salivary glands prior to transmis... Bianca B. Kojin, André Luis Costa-da-Silva, Ceres Maciel, Dayane Alves Henriques, Danilo O. Carvalho, Kelcie Martin, Osvaldo Marinotti, Anthony A. James, Myrna C. Bonaldo and Margareth Lara Capurro Malaria Journal 2016 15:153

Determinants of host feeding success by Anopheles farauti

The proportion of blood meals that mosquitoes take from a host species is a function of the interplay of extrinsic (abundance and location of potential hosts) and intrinsic (innate preference) factors. A mark-... Tanya L. Russell, Nigel W. Beebe, Hugo Bugoro, Allan Apairamo, Robert D. Cooper, Frank H. Collins, Neil F. Lobo and Thomas R. Burkot Malaria Journal 2016 15:152

Frequent blood feeding enables insecticide-treated nets to reduce transmission by mosquitoes that bite predominately outdoors

The effectiveness of vector control o­n malaria transmission by LLINs and IRS depends o­n the vectors entering houses to blood feed and rest when peopl... Tanya L. Russell, Nigel W. Beebe, Hugo Bugoro, Allan Apairamo, Weng K. Chow, Robert D. Cooper, Frank H. Collins, Neil F. Lobo and Thomas R. Burkot Malaria Journal 2016 15:156

Anopheles farauti is a homogeneous population that blood feeds early and outdoors in the Solomon Islands

In the 1970s, An.farauti in the Solomon Island responded to indoor residual spraying with DDT by increasingly feeding more outdoors and earlier in the evening. Although long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN... Tanya L. Russell, Nigel W. Beebe, Hugo Bugoro, Allan Apairamo, Frank H. Collins, Robert D. Cooper, Neil F. Lobo and Thomas R. Burkot Malaria Journal 2016

Expression of complement and toll-like receptor pathway genes is associated with malaria severity in Mali: a pilot case control study

The host response to infection by P.falciparum, the parasite most often responsible for severe malaria, ranges from asymptomatic parasitaemia to death. The clinical trajectory of malaria is influenced by... Rafal S. Sobota, Antoine Dara, Jessica E. Manning, Amadou Niangaly, Jason A. Bailey,Abdoulaye K. Kone, Mahamadou A. Thera, Abdoulaye A. Djimdé, Guy Vernet, Philippe Leissner, Scott M. Williams, Christopher V. Plowe and Ogobara K. Doumbo Malaria Journal 2016 15:150

Operational strategies of anti-malarial drug campaigns for malaria elimination in Zambia’s southern province: a simulation study

Malaria elimination requires reducing both the potential of mosquitoes to transmit parasites to humans and humans to transmit parasites to mosquitoes. To achieve this goal in Southern province, Zambia a mass t... Erin M. Stuckey, John M. Miller, Megan Littrell, Nakul Chitnis and Rick Steketee Malaria Journal 2016 15:148

Plasmodium falciparum: multifaceted resistance to artemisinins

Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins, the most potent and fastest acting anti-malarials, threatens malaria elimination strategies. Artemisinin resistance is due to mutation of...

Lucie Paloque, Arba P. Ramadani, Odile Mercereau-Puijalon, Jean-Michel Augereau and Françoise Benoit-Vical Malaria Journal 2016 15:149

Trends in US President’s Malaria Initiative-funded indoor residual spray coverage and insecticide choice in sub-Saharan Africa (2008–2015): urgent need for affordable, long-lasting insecticides

This article reports the changing pattern of US President’s Malaria Initiative-funded IRS in sub-Saharan Africa between 2008 and 2015. IRS coverage in sub-Saharan Africa increased from <2 % of the at-risk popu...

Policy analysis for deciding o­n a malaria vaccine RTS,S in Tanzania

Traditionally, it has taken decades to introduce new interventions in low-income countries. Several factors account for these delays, o­ne of which is the absence of a framework to facilitate comprehensive unde...Idda Romore, Ritha J. A. Njau, Innocent Semali, Aziza Mwisongo, Antoinette Ba Nguz, Hassan Mshinda, Marcel Tanner and Salim Abdulla Malaria Journal 2016 15:143

The risk of imported malaria in security forces personnel returning from overseas missions in the context of prevention of re-introduction of malaria to Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is a malaria-free country. However it remains surrounded by countries with endemic malaria transmission. Since the last indigenous case of malaria was reported in October 2012, o­nly imported malaria ... Sumadhya Deepika Fernando, Priyani Dharmawardana, Saveen Semege, Geetha Epasinghe, Niroshana Senanayake, Chaturaka Rodrigo and Risintha Premaratne

Malaria Journal 2016 15:144

New molecular settings to support in vivo anti-malarial assays

Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is now commonly used as a method to confirm diagnosis of malaria and to differentiate recrudescence from re-infection, especially in clinical trials and in reference laborator... Noemí Bahamontes-Rosa, Ane Rodriguez Alejandre, Vanesa Gomez, Sara Viera, María G. Gomez-Lorenzo, Laura María Sanz-Alonso and Alfonso Mendoza-Losana Malaria Journal 2016 15:147

Malaria incidence and entomological findings in an area targeted for a cluster-randomized controlled trial to prevent malaria in Ethiopia: results from a pilot study

This study was part of the work to prepare for a cluster-randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of combining indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets o­n malaria incidence. A pilo... Taye Gari, Oljira Kenea, Eskindir Loha, Wakgari Deressa, Alemayehu Hailu, Meshesha Balkew, Teshome Gebre-Michael, Bjarne Robberstad, Hans J. Overgaard and Bernt Lindtjørn Malaria Journal 2016 15:145

Epidemiologic features of overseas imported malaria in the People's Republic of China

With the dramatic increase in international travel among Chinese people, the risk of malaria importation from malaria-endemic regions threatens the achievement of the malaria elimination goal of China. Zhongjie Li, Qian Zhang, Canjun Zheng, Sheng Zhou, Junling Sun, Zike Zhang, Qibin Geng, Honglong Zhang, Liping Wang, Shengjie Lai, Wenbiao Hu, Archie C. A. Clements, Xiao-Nong Zhou and Weizhong Yang Malaria Journal 2016 15:141

Modelling the relative abundance of the primary African vectors of malaria before and after the implementation of indoor, insecticide-based vector control

Malaria remains a heavy burden across sub-Saharan Africa where transmission is maintained by some of the world’s most efficient vectors. Indoor insecticide-based control measures have significantly reduced tra... Marianne E. Sinka, Nick Golding, N. Claire Massey, Antoinette Wiebe, Zhi Huang, Simon I. Hay and Catherine L. Moyes Malaria Journal 2016

Exploring the spatiotemporal drivers of malaria elimination in Europe

Europe o­nce had widespread malaria, but today it is free from endemic transmission. Changing land use, agricultural practices, housing quality, urbanization, climate change, and improved healthcare are among t... Xia Zhao, David L. Smith and Andrew J. Tatem Malaria Journal 2016 15:122

B cell sub-types following acute malaria and associations with clinical immunity

Repeated exposure to Plasmodium falciparum is associated with perturbations in B cell sub-set homeostasis, including expansion atypical memory B cells. However, B cell perturbations immediately following acute ma... Richard T. Sullivan, Isaac Ssewanyana, Samuel Wamala, Felistas Nankya, Prasanna Jagannathan, Jordan W. Tappero, Harriet Mayanja-Kizza, Mary K. Muhindo, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Moses Kamya, Grant Dorsey, Margaret E. Feeney, Eleanor M. Riley, Chris J. Drakeley and Bryan Greenhouse Malaria Journal 2016 15:139

Community point distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets and community health worker hang-up visits in rural Zambia: a decision-focused evaluation

In 2013, the Zambian Ministry of Health through its NMCP distributed over two million insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) in four provinces using a door-to-door distribution strat... Paul Wang, Alison L. Connor, Ammar S. Joudeh, Jeffrey Steinberg, Ketty Ndhlovu, Musanda Siyolwe, Bristol Ntebeka, Benjamin Chibuye and Busiku Hamainza Malaria Journal 2016

Re-imagining adherence to treatment from the “other side”: local interpretations of adverse anti-malarial drug reactions in the Peruvian Amazon

Patients’ adherence to malaria treatment is a key issue in malaria control and elimination efforts. Previous studies have reported o­n problems with adherence to anti-malarials, which in part can be related to ...Joan Muela Ribera, Susanna Hausmann-Muela, Charlotte Gryseels and Koen Peeters Grietens Malaria Journal 2016 15:136

Analysis of ex vivo drug response data of Plasmodium clinical isolates: the pros and cons of different computer programs and o­nline platforms

In vitro drug susceptibility testing of malaria parasites remains an important component of surveillance for anti-malarial drug resistance. The half-maximal inhibition of growth (IC₅₀) is the most commonly report... Grennady Wirjanata, Irene Handayuni, Sophie G. Zaloumis, Ferryanto Chalfein, Pak Prayoga, Enny Kenangalem, Jeanne Rini Poespoprodjo, Rintis Noviyanti, Julie A. Simpson, Ric N. Price and Jutta Marfurt Malaria Journal 2016 15:137

Predicting factors for malaria re-introduction: an applied model in an elimination setting to prevent malaria outbreaks

Malaria re-introduction is a challenge in elimination settings. To prevent re-introduction, receptivity, vulnerability, and health system capacity of foci should be monitored using appropriate tools. This stud... Mansour Ranjbar, Alireza Shoghli, Goodarz Kolifarhood, Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaei, Morteza Amlashi and Mahdi Mohammadi Malaria Journal 2016 15:138

Development of insulated isothermal PCR for rapid o­n-site malaria detection

Detection of Plasmodium spp. is sometimes inconvenient especially in rural areas that are distant from a laboratory. In this study a portable diagnostic test of Plasmodium spp. was developed using insulated isoth... Kek Heng Chua, Ping Chin Lee and Hwa Chia Chai Malaria Journal 2016 15:134

Operational challenges to continuous LLIN distribution: a qualitative rapid assessment in four countries

The WHO recommends that long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) for malaria prevention should be distributed continuously through antenatal care (ANC) and the expanded programme o­n immuniz... Katherine Theiss-Nyland, Waqo Ejersa, Corine Karema, Diakalia Koné, Hannah Koenker, Yves Cyaka, Matthew Lynch, Jayne Webster and Jo Lines Malaria Journal 2016

Reactive case-detection of malaria in Pailin Province, Western Cambodia: lessons from a year-long evaluation in a pre-elimination setting

As momentum towards malaria elimination grows, strategies are being developed for scale-up in elimination settings. o­ne prominent strategy, reactive case detection (RACD), involves screening and treating indiv... John Hustedt, Sara E. Canavati, Chandary Rang, Ruth A. Ashton, Nimol Khim, Laura Berne, Saorin Kim, Siv Sovannaroth, Po Ly, Didier Ménard, Jonathan Cox, Sylvia Meek and Arantxa Roca-Feltrer Malaria Journal 2016 15:132

Multi-year optimization of malaria intervention: a mathematical model

Malaria is a mosquito-borne, lethal disease that affects millions and kills hundreds of thousands of people each year, mostly children. There is an increasing need for models of malaria control. In this paper,... Harry J. Dudley, Abhishek Goenka, Cesar J. Orellana and Susan E. Martonosi Malaria Journal 2016 15:133

Entomological aspects and the role of human behaviour in malaria transmission in a highland region of the Republic of Yemen

The Republic of Yemen has the highest incidence of malaria in the Arabian Peninsula, yet little is known of its vectors or transmission dynamics. Samira M. A. Al-Eryani, Louise Kelly-Hope, Ralph E. Harbach, Andrew G. Briscoe, Guy Barnish, Ahmed Azazy and Philip J. McCall Malaria Journal 2016 15:130

Spatially aggregated clusters and scattered smaller loci of elevated malaria vector density and human infection prevalence in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Malaria transmission, primarily mediated by An.gambiae, persists in Dar es Salaam (DSM) despite high coverage with bed nets, mosquito-proofed housing and larviciding. New or improved vector control strateg... Victoria M. Mwakalinga, Benn K. D. Sartorius, Yeromin P. Mlacha, Daniel F. Msellemu, Alex J. Limwagu, Zawadi D. Mageni, John M. Paliga, Nicodem J. Govella, Maureen Coetzee, Gerry F. Killeen and Stefan Dongus Malaria Journal 2016

Population pharmacokinetics of a three-day chloroquine treatment in patients with Plasmodium vivax infection o­n the Thai-Myanmar border

A three-day course of chloroquine remains a standard treatment of Plasmodium vivax infection in Thailand with satisfactory clinical efficacy and tolerability although a continuous decline in in vitro parasite sen... Richard Höglund, Younis Moussavi, Ronnatrai Ruengweerayut, Anurak Cheomung, Angela Äbelö and Kesara Na-Bangchang Malaria Journal 2016 15:129

Bed net use among school-aged children after a universal bed net campaign in Malawi

Recent data from Malawi suggest that school-aged children (SAC), aged 5–15 years, have the highest prevalence of P.falciparum infection among all age groups. They are the least likely group to utilize in... Andrea G. Buchwald, Jenny A. Walldorf, Lauren M. Cohee, Jenna E. Coalson, Nelson Chimbiya, Andy Bauleni, Kondwani Nkanaunena, Andrew Ngwira, Atupele Kapito-Tembo, Don P. Mathanga, Terrie E. Taylor and Miriam K. Laufer Malaria Journal 2016

Human malaria diagnosis using a single-step direct-PCR based o­n the Plasmodium cytochrome oxidase III gene

Nested PCRs based o­n the Plasmodium 18s-rRNA gene have been extensively used for human malaria diagnosis. However, they are not practical when large quantities of samples need to be processed, further there have ... Diego F. Echeverry, Nicholas A. Deason, Jenna Davidson, Victoria Makuru, Honglin Xiao, Julie Niedbalski, Marcia Kern, Tanya L. Russell, Thomas R. Burkot, Frank H. Collins and Neil F. Lobo Malaria Journal 2016 15:128

Challenges with implementing malaria rapid diagnostic tests at primary care facilities in a Ghanaian district: a qualitative study

Rapid diagnostic Tests (RDTs) for malaria enable diagnostic testing at primary care facilities in resource-limited settings, where weak infrastructure limits the use of microscopy. In 2010, Ghana adopted a tes... Nana Yaa Boadu, John Amuasi, Daniel Ansong, Edna Einsiedel, Devidas Menon and Stephanie K. Yanow Malaria Journal 2016 15:126

Antibody levels against GLURP R2, MSP1 block 2 hybrid and AS202.11 and the risk of malaria in children living in hyperendemic (Burkina Faso) and hypo-endemic (Ghana) areas

Differences in parasite transmission intensity influence the process of acquisition of host immunity to P.falciparum malaria and ultimately, the rate of malaria related morbidity and mortality. Potentia... Bright Adu, Mariama K. Cherif, Samuel Bosomprah, Amidou Diarra, Fareed K. N. Arthur, Emmanuel K. Dickson, Giampietro Corradin, David R. Cavanagh, Michael Theisen, Sodiomon B. Sirima, Issa Nebie and Daniel Dodoo Malaria Journal 2016

Factors influencing adverse events reporting within the health care system: the case of artemisinin-based combination treatments in northern Ghana

The use of ACT as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria was a policy recommended by World Health Organization. In 2004, Ghana changed her first-line anti-malari... Samuel Chatio, Raymond Aborigo, Philip Baba Adongo, Thomas Anyorigiya, Philip Ayizem Dalinjong, Patricia Akweongo and Abraham Oduro Malaria Journal 2016 15:125

Anopheles subpictus carry human malaria parasites in an urban area of Western India and may facilitate perennial malaria transmission

India contributes 1.5–2 million annual confirmed cases of malaria. Since both parasites and vectors are evolving rapidly, updated information o­n parasite prevalence in mosquitoes is important for vector manage... Ashwani Kumar, Rajeshwari Hosmani, Shivaji Jadhav, Trelita de Sousa, Ajeet Mohanty, Milind Naik, Adarsh Shettigar, Satyajit Kale, Neena Valecha, Laura Chery and Pradipsinh K. Rathod Malaria Journal 2016 15:124

Global fund financing to the 34 malaria-eliminating countries under the new funding model 2014–2017: an analysis of national allocations and regional grants

The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria (GFATM) has been the largest financial supporter of malaria since 2002. In 2011, the GFATM transitioned to a new funding model (NFM), which prioritizes ...Brittany Zelman, Melissa Melgar, Erika Larson, Allison Phillips and Rima Shretta Malaria Journal 2016 15:118

Establishing research priorities for malaria elimination in the context of the emergency response to artemisinin resistance framework-the Cambodian approach

Countries of the greater Mekong subregion have made a transition from malaria control to an aim for falciparum and vivax malaria elimination. The elimination of falciparum malaria will have to be achieved agai... Sara E. Canavati, Harriet L. S. Lawford, Bayo S. Fatunmbi, Dysoley Lek, Narann Top-Samphor, Rithea Leang, Arjen M. Dondorp, Rekol Huy and Walter M. Kazadi Malaria Journal 2016 15:120

Clinical trials of artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Afghanistan: maintained efficacy a decade after introduction

Combination therapy with artesunate plus SP was adopted as recommended treatment for P.falciparum infection in Afghanistan in 2003. Ghulam Rahim Awab, Mallika Imwong, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Fazel Alim, Warunee Hanpithakpong, Joel Tarning, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nicholas P. J. Day, Nicholas J. White and Charles J. Woodrow Malaria Journal 2016 15:121

Assessment of the effectiveness of the CD3+ tool to detect counterfeit and substandard anti-malarials

The US FDA recently developed CD3+, a counterfeit detection tool that is based o­n sample illumination at specific wavelengths of light and visual comparison of suspect sample and packaging materials to an auth... JaCinta S. Batson, Daniel K. Bempong, Patrick H. Lukulay, Nicola Ranieri, R. Duane Satzger and Leigh Verbois Malaria Journal 2016 15:119

Genotyping of Plasmodium vivax by minisatellite marker and its application in differentiating relapse and new infection

P.vivax malaria is a major public health problem in India. Control of vivax malaria is challenging due to various factors including relapse which increase the burden significa... Ram Das, Ramesh C. Dhiman, Deepali Savargaonkar, Anupkumar R. Anvikar and Neena Valecha Malaria Journal 2016 15:115

K13 mutations and pfmdr1 copy number variation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Myanmar

ACT has been first-line treatment for falciparum malaria in Myanmar since 2005. The wide extent of artemisinin resistance in the Greater Mekong sub-region and the presence of ... Aye A. Win, Mallika Imwong, Myat P. Kyaw, Charles J. Woodrow, Kesinee Chotivanich, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn and Sasithon Pukrittayakamee Malaria Journal 2016 15:110

Simultaneous quantification of artesunate and mefloquine in fixed-dose combination tablets by multivariate calibration with middle infrared spectroscopy and partial least squares regression

Malaria is o­ne of the most lethal and life-threatening infectious diseases in the world, causing more than half a million deaths annually. Treatment with mefloquine and artesunate is currently recommended by t... Breno Maurício Marson, Raquel de Oliveira Vilhena, Camilla Regina de Souza Madeira, Flávia Lada Degaut Pontes, Mário Sérgio Piantavini and Roberto Pontarolo Malaria Journal 2016 15:109

Malaria Policy Advisory Committee to the WHO: conclusions and recommendations of eighth biannual meeting (September 2015)

The Malaria Policy Advisory Committee (MPAC) to the World Health Organization held its eighth meeting in Geneva, Switzerland from 16 to 18 September 2015. This article provides a summary of the discussions, co... Malaria Journal 2016 15:117

Factors affecting adherence to national malaria treatment guidelines in management of malaria among public healthcare workers in Kamuli District, Uganda

Malaria remains a major public health threat accounting for 30.4 % of disease morbidity in outpatient clinic visits across all age groups in Uganda. Consequently, malaria control remains a major public health ... Charles Bawate, Sylvia T. Callender-Carter, Ben Nsajju and Denis Bwayo Malaria Journal 2016 15:112

Application of magnetic cytosmear for the estimation of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density and detection of asexual stages in asymptomatic children

Conventional malaria parasite detection methods, such as RDT and light microscopy (LM), are not sensitive enough to detect low level parasites and identification of gametocytes in the ... Deborah Sumari, Brian T. Grimberg, D’Arbra Blankenship, Joseph Mugasa, Kefas Mugittu, Lee Moore, Paul Gwakisa and Maciej Zborowski Malaria Journal 2016 15:113

Biochemical and functional characterization of Plasmodium falciparum DNA polymerase δ

Emergence of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum has created an urgent need for new drug targets. DNA polymerase δ is an essential enzyme required for chromosomal DNA replication and repair, and therefore may be... Jitlada Vasuvat, Atcha Montree, Sangduen Moonsom, Ubolsree Leartsakulpanich, Songsak Petmitr, Federico Focher, George E. Wright and Porntip Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr Malaria Journal 2016 15:116

Plasmodium falciparum ookinete expression of plasmepsin VII and plasmepsin X

Plasmodium invasion of the mosquito midgut is a population bottleneck in the parasite lifecycle. Interference with molecular mechanisms by which the ookinete invades the mosquito midgu... Fengwu Li, Viengngeun Bounkeua, Kenneth Pettersen and Joseph M. Vinetz Malaria Journal 2016 15:111

Small-scale land-use variability affects Anopheles spp. distribution and concomitant Plasmodium infection in humans and mosquito vectors in southeastern Madagascar

Deforestation and land-use change have the potential to alter human exposure to malaria. A large percentage of Madagascar’s original forest cover has been lost to slash-and-burn agriculture, and malaria is o­ne... Sarah Zohdy, Kristin Derfus, Emily G. Headrick, Mbolatiana Tovo Andrianjafy, Patricia C. Wright and Thomas R. Gillespie Malaria Journal 2016 15:114

Seeking treatment for uncomplicated malaria: experiences from the Kintampo districts of Ghana

Malaria accounts for many deaths and illnesses, mostly among young children and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. An integrated approach is recommended to ensure effective malaria control. Socio-cultural f... Lawrence G. Febir, Kwaku Poku Asante, Samuel Afari-Asiedu, Livesy N. Abokyi, Anthony Kwarteng, Bernhards Ogutu, Margaret Gyapong and Seth Owusu-Agyei Malaria Journal 2016 15:108

Sharp decline of malaria cases in the Burie Zuria, Dembia, and Mecha districts, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2012–2014: descriptive analysis of surveillance data

In the Amhara Region of Ethiopia, a steep decline of malaria cases was seen in early 2014. This study verified the decrease of the malaria cases along with the positivity rates among acute febrile illness pati... Yumi Toyama, Masaki Ota, Getinet Molla and Belay Bezabih Beyene

Malaria Journal 2016 15:104

The contribution of agricultural insecticide use to increasing insecticide resistance in African malaria vectors

The fight against malaria is increasingly threatened by failures in vector control due to growing insecticide resistance. This review examines the recent primary research that addresses the putative relations... Molly C. Reid and F. Ellis McKenzie Malaria Journal 2016 15:107

Imported Plasmodium vivax malaria with severe thrombocytopaenia: can it be severe malaria or not?

Thrombocytopaenia is the most frequent malaria-associated haematologic alteration observed with all five Plasmodium parasites causing disease in humans. Although not included in the World Health Organization crit... Spinello Antinori, Alberto Corona, Anna Lisa Ridolfo, Laura Galimberti, Davide Ricaboni, Laura Milazzo and Mario Corbellino Malaria Journal 2016

Effectiveness of insecticidal nets o­n uncomplicated clinical malaria: a case–control study for operational evaluation

In a context of large-scale implementation of malaria vector control tools, such as the distribution of long-lasting insecticide nets (LLIN), it is necessary to regularly assess whether strategies are progress... Georgia Barikissou Damien, Armel Djènontin, Evelyne Chaffa, Sandra Yamadjako, Papa Makhtar Drame, Emmanuel Elanga Ndille, Marie-Claire Henry, Vincent Corbel, Franck Remoué and Christophe Rogier Malaria Journal 2016 15:102

An external sensing system in Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes

A number of experiments have previously indicated that Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (pRBC) were able to sense host environment. The basis of this ability to detect external cues is not known but in... Yang Wu, Laura N. Cruz, Tadge Szestak, Gavin Laing, Gemma R. Molyneux, Celia R. S. Garcia and Alister G. Craig Malaria Journal 2016 15:103

A longitudinal study of the durability of long-lasting insecticidal nets in Zambia

A key goal of malaria control is to achieve universal access to, and use of, LLINs among people at risk for malaria. Quantifying the number of LLINs needed to achieve and maint... Kathrine R. Tan, Jane Coleman, Barbara Smith, Busiku Hamainza, Cecilia Katebe-Sakala, Casey Kean, Ashley Kowal, Jodi Vanden Eng, Tiffany K. Parris, Carla T. Mapp, Stephen C. Smith, Robert Wirtz, Mulakwa Kamuliwo and Allen S. Craig Malaria Journal 2016 15:106

Plasmodium vivax mdr1 genotypes in isolates from successfully cured patients living in endemic and non-endemic Brazilian areas

Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed species causing the highest number of malaria cases in the world. In Brazil, P. vivax is responsible for approximately 84 % of reported. Larissa Rodrigues Gomes, Natália Ketrin Almeida-de-Oliveira, Aline Rosa de Lavigne, Suelen Rezende Félix de Lima, Anielle de Pina-Costa, Patrícia Brasil, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Didier Ménard and Maria de Fatima Ferreira-da-Cruz Malaria Journal 2016 15:96

Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein-2 diversity and the implications for PfHRP 2: based malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Ghana

RDTs play a key role in malaria management and control. The PfHRP-2 based RDT is the most widely used RDT for malaria diagnosis in Ghana. Deletion of pfhrp2 in P.falcipar... Linda Eva Amoah, Joana Abankwa and Akua Oppong Malaria Jour 2016

Tafenoquine treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria: suggestive evidence that CYP2D6 reduced metabolism is not associated with relapse in the Phase 2b DETECTIVE trial

Tafenoquine (TQ) and primaquine (PQ) are 8-aminoquinolines (8-AQ) with anti-hypnozoite activity against vivax malaria. PQ is the o­nly FDA-approved medicine for preventing relapsing P.vivax infection and ... Pamela L. St Jean, Zhengyu Xue, Nick Carter, Gavin C. K. W. Koh, Stephan Duparc, Maxine Taylor, Claire Beaumont, Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas, Ronnatrai Rueangweerayut, Srivicha Krudsood, Justin A. Green and Justin P. Rubio Malaria Journal 2016

Incremental impact upon malaria transmission of supplementing pyrethroid-impregnated long-lasting insecticidal nets with indoor residual spraying using pyrethroids or the organophosphate, pirimiphos methyl

LLINs and IRS are the most widely accepted and applied malaria vector control methods. However, evidence that incremental impact is achieved when th... Busiku Hamainza, Chadwick H. Sikaala, Hawela B. Moonga, Javan Chanda, Dingani Chinula, Mulenga Mwenda, Mulakwa Kamuliwo, Adam Bennett, Aklilu Seyoum and Gerry F. Killeen Malaria Journal 2016 15:100

Status of insecticide resistance in high-risk malaria provinces in Afghanistan

Insecticide resistance seriously threatens the efficacy of vector control interventions in malaria endemic countries. In Afghanistan, the status of insecticide resistance is largely unknown while distribution ...Mushtaq Ahmad, Cyril Buhler, Patricia Pignatelli, Hilary Ranson, Sami Mohammad Nahzat, Mohammad Naseem, Muhammad Farooq Sabawoon, Abdul Majeed Siddiqi and Martijn Vink Malaria Journal 2016 15:98

The influence of pregnancy o­n the pharmacokinetic properties of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT): a systematic review

Pregnancy has been reported to alter the pharmacokinetic properties of anti-malarial drugs, including the different components of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). However, small sample sizes make i...Renée J. Burger, Benjamin J. Visser, Martin P. Grobusch and Michèle van Vugt Malaria Journal 2016 15:99

Transmission-blocking strategies: the roadmap from laboratory bench to the community

Malaria remains o­ne of the most prevalent tropical and infectious diseases in the world, with an estimated more than 200 million clinical cases every year. In recent years, the mosquito stages of the parasite ... Daniel Gonçalves and Patrick Hunziker Malaria Journal 2016 15:95

Alternative methods for the Plasmodium falciparum artemisinin ring-stage survival assay with increased simplicity and parasite stage-specificity

Artemisinin-based combination therapy is recommended to treat Plasmodium falciparum worldwide, but observations of longer artemisinin (ART) parasite clearance times (PCTs) in Southeast Asia are widely interpreted... Whitney A. Kite, Viviana A. Melendez-Muniz, Roberto R. Moraes Barros, Thomas E. Wellems and Juliana M. Sá Malaria Journal 2016 15:94

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