Việc nghiên cứu và tìm hiểu về một tác nhân gây bệnh, đặc biệt là các tác nhân ký sinh trùng nhiệt đới bị lãng quên là rất quan trọng bởi nếu bỏ qua, chúng dễ dàng dẫn đến các biến chứng nguy hiểm và đe dọa tính mạng của bệnh nhân và cả cộng đồng nếu nguy cơ lây nhiễm cao.

Một trong những tác nhân ký sinh trùng đơn bào gây bệnh nghiêm trọng cơ quan thần kinh trung ương ở người với tỷ lệ tử vong lên đến gần 100% mặc dù bệnh nhân đang ở trong các cơ sở y tế hiện đại và ở quốc gia có nền y học bậc nhất thế giới. Đó chính là loại amip ăn não Naegleria fowleri đã gây tử vong 2 bệnh nhân ở Việt Nam năm 2014.

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive component of marijuana, exacerbates brain infection by Acanthamoeba.

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Serology of Naegleria fowleri and Naegleria lovaniensis in a hospital survey.

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Thermal ecology of Naegleria fowleri from a power plant cooling reservoir.

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Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with subsequent organ procurement: a case study.

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Photo Quiz. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis.

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[Studies o­n the cell-mediated immunity in experimental Naegleria spp. infections].

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Identification and Molecular Typing of Naegleria fowleri from a Patient of Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) in China.

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Population Structure in Naegleria fowleri as Revealed by Microsatellite Markers.

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[Primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri in an adolescent from Huetamo, Michoacan, Mexico].

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Molecular confirmation of Sappinia pedata as a causative agent of amoebic encephalitis.

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Paravahlkampfia francinae n. sp. masquerading as an agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.

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Primary amebic meningoencephalitis associated with ritual nasal rinsing—St Thomas, US Virgin Islands, 2012.

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Comparison of the clinical presentations of Naegleria fowleri primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with pneumococcal meningitis: a case-control study.

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Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri and non-pathogenic Naegleria lovaniensis exhibit differential adhesion to, and invasion of, extracellular matrix proteins.

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Characterization of a Drinking Water Distribution Pipeline Terminally Colonized by Naegleria fowleri.

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Evaluation of the indirect fluorescent-antibody technique for identification of Naegleria species.

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Genotyping Naegleria spp. and Naegleria fowleri isolates by interrepeat polymerase chain reaction.

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Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri.

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[Resistance to Naegleria fowleri infection passively acquired from immunized splenocyte, serum or milk].

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A case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis: North Island, New Zealand.

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Case Series of Naegleria fowleri Primary Ameobic Meningoencephalitis from Karachi, Pakistan.

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Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Associated with Hot Spring Exposure During International Travel - Seminole County, Florida, July 2014.

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Naegleria fowleri Meningoencephalitis Associated with Public Water Supply, Pakistan, 2014.

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Notes from the field: primary amebic meningoencephalitis associated with ritual nasal rinsing--St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin islands, 2012.

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[Infections caused by free-living amebas. Historical commentaries, taxonomy and nomenclature, protozoology and clinicopathologic features].

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Immunodominant antigens in Naegleria fowleri excretory--secretory proteins were potential pathogenic factors.

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Dependence of growth, metabolic expression, and pathogenicity of Naegleria fowleri o­n exogenous porphyrins.

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Naegleria fowleri after 50 years: is it a neglected pathogen?

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Primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Florida: a case report and epidemiological review of Florida cases.

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Successful treatment of Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis by using intravenous amphotericin B, fluconazole and rifampicin.

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Comparison of real-time PCR methods for the detection of Naegleria fowleri in surface water and sediment.

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Depression of immunity to Naegleria fowleri in mice by selective depletion of neutrophils with a monoclonal antibody.

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Seasonal distribution of pathogenic free-living amebae in Oklahoma waters.

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Proteinases in Naegleria Fowleri (strain NF3), a pathogenic amoeba: a preliminary study.

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Cytopathogenicity of Naegleria fowleri and Naegleria gruberi for established mammalian cell cultures.

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Five cases of primary amebic meningoencephalitis in Mexicali, Mexico: study of the isolates.

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Immunohistochemical characterization of the initial stages of Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis in mice.

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Concentration of Naegleria fowleri in natural waters used for recreational purposes in Sonora, Mexico (November 2007-October 2008).

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Differentiation of Naegleria fowleri from other species of Naegleria using monoclonal antibodies and the polymerase chain reaction.

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[Human diseases caused by free-living amoebae. II. Primary amebic ++ meningoencephalitis].

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[Amebic granulomatosis encephalitis due to Balamuthia mandrillaris: fatal disease increasingly recognized in Latin America].

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Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis in southern Africa.

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The occurrence of Naegleria fowleri in recreational waters in Arizona.

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[Interleukin-2 production and alteration of T cell subsets in mice infected with Naegleria fowleri].

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Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis in Children: A Report of Two Fatal Cases and Review of the Literature.

Stowe RC, Pehlivan D, Friederich KE, Lopez MA, DiCarlo SM, Boerwinkle VL.

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Notes from the Field: Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Associated with Exposure to Swimming Pool Water Supplied by an Overland Pipe - Inyo County, California, 2015.

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Comparison of biofilm ecology supporting growth of individual Naegleria species in a drinking water distribution system.

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In vitro antiproliferative effects of neuroleptics, antimycotics and antibiotics o­n the human pathogens Acanthamoeba polyphaga and Naegleria fowleri.

Ondarza RN, Iturbe A, Hernández E.

Arch Med Res. 2006 Aug;37(6):723-9. Erratum in: Arch Med Res. 2006 Nov;37(8):1038.

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A method for assessing the migratory response of Naegleria fowleri utilizing [3H]uridine-labeled amoebae.

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Latifi AR, Niyyati M, Lorenzo-Morales J, Haghighi A, Tabaei SJ, Lasjerdi Z, Azargashb E.

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J Environ Qual. 2009 Dec 30;39(1):147-53. doi: 10.2134/jeq2009.0062. Print 2010 Jan-Feb.

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In Vitro Efficacy of Ebselen and BAY 11-7082 Against Naegleria fowleri.

Debnath A, Nelson AT, Silva-Olivares A, Shibayama M, Siegel D, McKerrow JH.

Front Microbiol. 2018 Mar 6;9:414. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00414. eCollection 2018.

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N Z Med J. 2004 Feb 20;117(1189):U783; author reply U783. No abstract available.

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[Natural killer cell activity in mice infected with free-living amoeba with reference to their pathogenicity].

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Rare brain infection avoided with safe sinus irrigation.

[No authors listed]

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Ancient weapons for attack and defense: the pore-forming polypeptides of pathogenic enteric and free-living amoeboid protozoa.

Leippe M, Herbst R.

J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2004 Sep-Oct;51(5):516-21. Review.

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Quantitative assessment of Naegleria fowleri and Escherichia coli concentrations within a Texas reservoir.

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Brain-Eating Amoebae: Silver Nanoparticle Conjugation Enhanced Efficacy of Anti-Amoebic Drugs against Naegleria fowleri.

Rajendran K, Anwar A, Khan NA, Siddiqui R.

ACS Chem Neurosci. 2017 Dec 20;8(12):2626-2630. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00430. Epub 2017 Dec 5.

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Agglutination of Naegleria fowleri and Naegleria gruberi by antibodies in human serum.

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Screening of Swiss hot spring resorts for potentially pathogenic free-living amoebae.

Gianinazzi C, Schild M, Zumkehr B, Wüthrich F, Nüesch I, Ryter R, Schürch N, Gottstein B, Müller N.

Exp Parasitol. 2010 Sep;126(1):45-53. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.12.008. Epub 2009 Dec 29.

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Experimental Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis in sheep: light and electron microscopic studies.

Simpson CF, Willaert E, Neal FC, Stevens AR, Young MD.

Am J Vet Res. 1982 Jan;43(1):154-7.

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Production of Nfa1-specific monoclonal antibodies that influences the in vitro cytotoxicity of Naegleria fowleri trophozoites o­n microglial cells.

Lee YJ, Kim JH, Jeong SR, Song KJ, Kim K, Park S, Park MS, Shin HJ.

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Laboratory diagnosis of primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis and methods for the detection of limax amoebae in the environment.

Cerva L.

Folia Parasitol (Praha). 1980;27(1):1-9.

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Novel in vitro and in vivo models to study central nervous system infections due to Acanthamoeba spp.

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Exp Parasitol. 2010 Sep;126(1):69-72. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.08.018. Epub 2009 Aug 31.

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Thong YH.

Med J Aust. 1980 Apr 19;1(8):352-4. Review.

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Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis as Cause of Headache and Fever.

Sherin K, Linam WM, Jett S.

Am Fam Physician. 2016 Apr 15;93(8):644. No abstract available.

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Immunization with live amoebae, amoebic lysate and culture supernatant in experimental Naegleria meningoencephalitis.

Thong YH, Ferrante A, Rowan-Kelly B, O'Keefe D.

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1980;74(5):570-6.

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Heat shock protein 70 of Naegleria fowleri is important factor for proliferation and in vitro cytotoxicity.

Song KJ, Song KH, Kim JH, Sohn HJ, Lee YJ, Park CE, Shin HJ.

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Nashed NN, Youssef FG, Mansour NS.

J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1991 Apr;21(1):31-42.

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Isolation of Naegleria fowleri from pond water in West Bengal, India.

Gupta S.

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992 Jan-Feb;86(1):46. No abstract available.

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Naegleria fowleri: nfa1 gene knock-down by double-stranded RNAs.

Jung SY, Kim JH, Lee YJ, Song KJ, Kim K, Park S, Im KI, Shin HJ.

Exp Parasitol. 2008 Feb;118(2):208-13. Epub 2007 Aug 22.

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[First isolation in Italy of Naegleria australiensis (De Jonckheere, 1981)].

Scaglia M, Strosselli M, Grazioli V, Gatti S, Bernuzzi AM.

Parassitologia. 1984 Dec;26(3):305-9. Italian.

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Youngest survivor of naegleria meningitis.

Yadav D, Aneja S, Dutta R, Maheshwari A, Seth A.

Indian J Pediatr. 2013 Mar;80(3):253-4. doi: 10.1007/s12098-012-0756-2. Epub 2012 Apr 28.

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Computational identification of putative miRNAs and their target genes in pathogenic amoeba Naegleria fowleri.

Padmashree D, Swamy NR.

Bioinformation. 2015 Dec 31;11(12):550-7. doi: 10.6026/97320630011550. eCollection 2015.

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[Granulomatous amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris. First case diagnosed in Chile].

Oddó B D, Ciani A S, Vial C P.

Rev Chilena Infectol. 2006 Sep;23(3):232-6. Epub 2006 Aug 4. Spanish.

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ANTI-AMEBIC ACTIVITY OF DIOSGENIN o­n NAEGLERIA FOWLERI TROPHOZOITES.

Rabablert J, Tiewcharoen S, Auewarakul P, Atithep T, Lumlerdkij N, Vejaratpimol R, Junnu V.

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2015 Sep;46(5):827-34.

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Free-living amoebae isolated in the Central African Republic: epidemiological and molecular aspects.

Farra A, Bekondi C, Tricou V, Mbecko JR, Talarmin A.

Pan Afr Med J. 2017 Feb 1;26:57. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2017.26.57.9021. eCollection 2017.

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Acanthamoeba culbertsoni and Naegleria fowleri: occurrence of antibodies in man.

Cerva L.

J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1989;33(1):99-103.

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Animal model of human disease. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis, Naegleria meningoencephalitis, CNS protozoal infection.

Martinez AJ, Nelson EC, Duma RJ.

Am J Pathol. 1973 Nov;73(2):545-8. No abstract available.

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Primary amebic meningoencephalitis in a patient with AIDS: unusual protozoological findings.

De Jonckheere JF, Brown S.

Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Oct;25(4):943-4. No abstract available.

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Acanthamebic meningoencephalitis presenting as personality change.

Radhakrishnan V, Bhatia R, Panda GS, Bakhshi S.

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009 Jun;28(6):555. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31819f3d29. No abstract available.

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From the Centers for Disease Control. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis--North Carolina, 1991.

[No authors listed]

JAMA. 1992 Aug 19;268(7):862-3. No abstract available.

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[Occurrence of Naegleria fowleri in a free environment and biological properties of isolated strains].

Mazur T.

Wiad Parazytol. 1984;30(1):3-35. Polish. No abstract available.

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Effects of cyclophosphamide and a metabolite, acrolein, o­n Naegleria fowleri in vitro and in vivo.

Zhang L, Marciano-Cabral F, Bradley SG.

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988 Jul;32(7):962-5.

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