Phần 2. Cập nhật thông tin về nghiên cứu ứng dụng các chỉ điểm hay dấu ấn khối u trong chẩn đoán ưng thư và bềnh lý u lành tính
Ung thư là những căn bệnh ác tính với sự tác động trên bất cứ cơ quan nào tro ng cơ thể, đến bất cứ giới tính và độ tuổi nào. Trong những năm gần đây, bệnh ung thư có xu hướng trẻ hóa độ tuổi, có nghĩa là số ca mắc ung thư trên người trẻ ngày càng nhiều hơn so với 10 năm trước đây. Điều đó, cho thấy hiện có nhiều yếu tố tác động vào tỷ lệ mắc mới bệnh ung thưhay do sự phát hiện sớm các bệnh lý thông qua các kỹ thuật chẩn đoán tối ưu, hiện đại mà hiện nay đang áp dụng trên thế giới và Việt Nam.
Một trong những thành tưu đó chính là xét nghiệm các chỉ điểm khối u hay gọi là chỉ điểm sinh học khối u (tumor markers) tùy thuộc vào từng cơ quan đích sẽ có các chỉ điểm đặc hiệu riêng. tuy nhiên sự đặc hiệu đó không phải lúc nào cũng tuyệt đối và còn có một tỷ lệ sai sót hay nói đúng hơn là chỉ số này còn bị nhiễu bởi một số tình trạng bệnh lý khác nhau đã từng gặp trên lâm sàng. Nhiều nghiên cứu gần đây đã chứng minh điều đó qua các nghiên cứu cập nhật hàng năm thông qua các hội thảo chuyên đề ung thư.
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Interest of methylated genes as biomarkers in urothelial cell carcinomas of the urinary tract. Phé V, Cussenot O, Rouprêt M.BJU Int . 2009 Oct;104(7):896-901. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2009.08696.x. Epub 2009 Jun 12. Review.PMID: 19522860 Free Article Similar articles Select item 26408719
The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Tumor Markers (CEA, SCC, CYFRA 21-1, TPS) in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Barak V, Meirovitz A, Leibovici V, Rachmut J, Peretz T, Eliashar R, Gross M.Anticancer Res . 2015 Oct;35(10):5519-24.PMID: 26408719 Similar articles Select item 2667447
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Altered expression of glycan genes in cancers induced by epigenetic silencing and tumor hypoxia: clues in the ongoing search for new tumor markers. Kannagi R, Sakuma K, Miyazaki K, Lim KT, Yusa A, Yin J, Izawa M.Cancer Sci . 2010 Mar;101(3):586-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01455.x. Epub 2009 Dec 4. Review. PMID: 20085584 Free Article Similar articles Select item 9251889
The prognostic importance of tumor markers in adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Grem J.Curr Opin oncol . 1997 Jul;9(4):380-7. Review.PMID: 9251889 Similar articles Select item 22405680
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