The parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs in Central highland of Vietnam is an early warning to us that we are losing the most optimal weapons fighting the malaria. The dihydroartemisin plus piperaquine combination and chloroquin, which was listed into the essential antimalarial drugs since 2007 in Vietnam, has been used for 10 years until resistance appears in some Southern, Central of Western highland provinces. The study was conducted to evaluate the first-line drugs' efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax patients in multicenters;