Exceptionally long-range haplotypes in Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 6 maintained in an endemic African population

Previous genome-wide analyses of single nucleotide variation in Plasmodium falciparum identified evidence of an extended haplotype region o­n chromosome 6 in West Africa, suggesting recent positive selection. Such...Alfred Amambua-Ngwa, Bakary Danso, Archibald Worwui, Sukai Ceesay, Nwakanma Davies, David Jeffries, Umberto D’Alessandro and David Conway Malaria Journal 2016 15:515

Assessing temporal associations between environmental factors and malaria morbidity at varying transmission settings in Uganda

Environmental factors play a major role in transmission of malaria given their relationship to both the development and survival of the mosquito and parasite. The associations between environmental factors and... Ruth Kigozi, Kate Zinszer, Arthur Mpimbaza, Asadu Sserwanga, Simon P. Kigozi and Moses Kamya Malaria Journal 2016 15:511

Facilitating factors and barriers to malaria research utilization for policy development in Malawi

Research o­n various determinants of health is key in providing evidence for policy development, thereby leading to successful interventions. Utilization of research is an intricate process requiring an underst... Chikondi A. Mwendera, Christiaan de Jager, Herbert Longwe, Kamija Phiri, Charles Hongoro and Clifford M. Mutero Malaria Journal 2016 15:512

Factors associated with the severity and complication of patients with malaria hospitalized between 2009 and 2013 in three municipalities of Colombia, case control study

Malaria worldwide annual reported cases range between 250 and 500 million and nearly half a million deaths are reported every year. Colombia has a vast expanse of territory with environmental and social condit... Jesica F. Ramírez, Beatriz Porras, Elizabeth Borrero and Sandra P. Martínez Malaria Journal 2016 15:514

Geographical patterns of malaria transmission based o­n serological markers for falciparum and vivax malaria in Ratanakiri, Cambodia

Malaria transmission is highly heterogeneous, especially in low endemic countries, such as Cambodia. This results in geographical clusters of residual transmission in the dry, low transmission season, which ca... Karen Kerkhof, Vincent Sluydts, Somony Heng, Saorin Kim, Myrthe Pareyn, Laura Willen, Lydie Canier, Siv Sovannaroth, Didier Ménard, Tho Sochantha, Marc Coosemans and Lies Durnez Malaria Journal 2016 15:510

Spatial heterogeneity can undermine the effectiveness of country-wide test and treat policy for malaria: a case study from Burkina Faso

Considerable debate has arisen regarding the appropriateness of the test and treat malaria policy broadly recommended by the WHO. While presumptive treatment has important drawbacks, the... Denis Valle, Justin Millar and Punam Amratia Malaria Journal 2016 15:513

Asymptomatic malaria, growth status, and anaemia among children in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a cross-sectional study

Asymptomatic malaria can be observed in both stable endemic areas and unstable transmission areas. However, although much attention has been given to acute malaria infections, relatively little attention has b... Takeshi Akiyama, Tiengkham Pongvongsa, Souraxay Phrommala, Tomoyo Taniguchi, Yuba Inamine, Rie Takeuchi, Tadashi Watanabe, Futoshi Nishimoto, Kazuhiko Moji, Shigeyuki Kano, Hisami Watanabe and Jun Kobayashi Malaria Journal 2016 15:499

Malaria incidence in Myanmar 2005–2014: steady but fragile progress towards elimination

There has been an impressive recent reduction in the global incidence of malaria, but the development of artemisinin resistance in the GMS threatens this progress. Increasing artemisinin resi... Thet Thet Mu, Aye Aye Sein, Tint Tint Kyi, Myo Min, Ne Myo Aung, Nicholas M. Anstey, Myat Phone Kyaw, Chit Soe, Mar Mar Kyi and Josh Hanson Malaria Journal 2016 15:503

Malaria burden in a birth cohort of HIV-exposed uninfected Ugandan infants living in a high malaria transmission setting

HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) infants suffer high morbidity and mortality in the first year of life compared to HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) infants, but accurate data o­n the contribution of malaria are lim... Abel Kakuru, Paul Natureeba, Mary K. Muhindo, Tamara D. Clark, Diane V. Havlir, Deborah Cohan, Grant Dorsey, Moses R. Kamya and Theodore Ruel Malaria Journal 2016

Contribution of the private sector healthcare service providers to malaria diagnosis in a prevention of re-introduction setting

Sri Lanka is currently in the prevention of re-introduction phase of malaria. The engagement of the private sector health care institutions in malaria surveillance is important. The purpose of the study was to... Sumadhya Deepika Fernando, Priyani Dharmawardana, Geethanee Epasinghe, Niroshana Senanayake, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Risintha Premaratne and Rajitha Wickremasinghe Malaria Journal 2016 15:504

Health worker and policy-maker perspectives o­n use of intramuscular artesunate for pre-referral and definitive treatment of severe malaria at health posts in Ethiopia

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends injectable artesunate given either intravenously or by the intramuscular route for definitive treatment for severe malaria and recommends a single intramuscular d... Takele Kefyalew, Zelalem Kebede, Dawit Getachew, David Mukanga, Tessema Awano, Agonafer Tekalegne, Esey Batisso, Wasihun Edossa, Emebet Mekonnen, James Tibenderana, Ebenezer Sheshi Baba, Constance Shumba, Joaniter I. Nankabirwa and Prudence Hamade Malaria Journal 2016 15:507

Household clustering of asymptomatic malaria infections in Xepon district, Savannakhet province, Lao PDR

In the Lao PDR, malaria morbidity and mortality have remarkably decreased over the past decade. However, asymptomatic infections in rural villages contribute to the o­n-going local transmission. The primary obj... Tiengkham Pongvongsa, Daisuke Nonaka, Moritoshi Iwagami, Masami Nakatsu, Panom Phongmany, Futoshi Nishimoto, Jun Kobayashi, Bouasy Hongvanthon, Paul T. Brey, Kazuhiko Moji, Toshihiro Mita and Shigeyuki Kano Malaria Journal 2016 15:508

The effectiveness of a nationwide universal coverage campaign of insecticide-treated bed nets o­n childhood malaria in Malawi

Although the universal coverage campaign of insecticide-treated mosquito bed nets (ITNs) has been associated with improved malaria outcomes, recent reports indicate that the campaign is losing its sparkle in s... Collins O. F. Zamawe, Kanan Nakamura, Akira Shibanuma and Masamine Jimba Malaria Journal 2016 15:505

Malaria investigation and treatment of children admitted to county hospitals in western Kenya

Up to 90 % of the global burden of malaria morbidity and mortality occurs in sub-Saharan Africa and children under-five bear a disproportionately high malaria burden. Effective inpatient case management can re... Beatrice I. Amboko, Philip Ayieko, Morris Ogero, Thomas Julius, Grace Irimu and Mike English Malaria Journal 2016 15:506.

Contemporary epidemiological overview of malaria in Madagascar: operational utility of reported routine case data for malaria control planning

Malaria remains a major public health problem in Madagascar. Widespread scale-up of intervention coverage has led to substantial reductions in case numbers since 2000. However, political instability since 2009... Rosalind E. Howes, Sedera Aurélien Mioramalala, Brune Ramiranirina, Thierry Franchard, Andry Joeliarijaona Rakotorahalahy, Donal Bisanzio, Peter W. Gething, Peter A. Zimmerman and Arsène Ratsimbasoa Malaria Journal 2016 15:502

Size polymorphism and low sequence diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax rhoptry neck protein 4 (PvRON4) in Colombian isolates

Designing a vaccine against Plasmodium vivax has focused o­n selecting antigens involved in invasion mechanisms that must have domains with low polymorphism for avoiding allele-specific immune responses. The rhopt... Sindy P. Buitrago, Diego Garzón-Ospina and Manuel A. Patarroyo

Malaria Journal 2016 15:501

Communication for behavioural impact in enhancing utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets among mothers of under-five children in rural North Sudan: an experimental study

Malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Sudan. The entire population is at risk of contracting malaria to different levels. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of communication for ... Yousif Mohammed Elmosaad, Magda Elhadi, Asif Khan, Elfatih Mohamed Malik and Ilias Mahmud Malaria Journal 2016 15:509

Therapeutic efficacy of artemether–lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria from three highly malarious states in India

Anti-malarial drug resistance continues to be a leading threat to malaria control efforts and calls for continued monitoring of waning efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). Artesunate + sulf... Praveen K. Bharti, Man M. Shukla, Pascal Ringwald, Sri Krishna, Pushpendra P. Singh, Ajay Yadav, Sweta Mishra, Usha Gahlot, Jai P. Malaiya, Amit Kumar, Shambhu Prasad, Pradeep Baghel, Mohan Singh, Jaiprakash Vadadi, Mrigendra P. Singh, Maria Dorina G. Bustos… Malaria Journal 2016 15:498

Timing of in utero malaria exposure influences fetal CD4 T cell regulatory versus effector differentiation

In malaria-endemic areas, the first exposure to malaria antigens often occurs in utero when the fetal immune system is poised towards the development of tolerance. Children exposed to placental malaria have an... Mary Prahl, Prasanna Jagannathan, Tara I. McIntyre, Ann Auma, Lila Farrington, Samuel Wamala, Mayimuna Nalubega, Kenneth Musinguzi, Kate Naluwu, Esther Sikyoma, Rachel Budker, Hilary Vance, Pamela Odorizzi, Patience Nayebare, John Ategeka, Abel Kakuru… Malaria Journal 2016 15:497

Performance and time to become negative after treatment of three malaria rapid diagnostic tests in low and high malaria transmission settings

The performance of different malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) may be influenced by transmission intensity and by the length of time each test requires to become negative after treatment and patient’s recov... Francesco Grandesso, Carolyn Nabasumba, Dan Nyehangane, Anne-Laure Page, Mathieu Bastard, Martin De Smet, Yap Boum and Jean-François Etard

Erratum to: Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, liraglutide, in experimental cerebral malaria: implications for the role of oxidative stress in cerebral malaria

Brian DellaValle, Casper Hempel, Trine Staalsoe, Flemming Fryd Johansen and Jørgen Anders Lindholm Kurtzhals Malaria Journal 2016 15:495

The acceptability of mass administrations of anti-malarial drugs as part of targeted malaria elimination in villages along the Thai–Myanmar border

A targeted malaria elimination project, including MDA of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine plus a single low dose primaquine is underway in villages along the Thailand Myanmar border.... Ladda Kajeechiwa, May Myo Thwin, Paw Wah Shee, Nan Lin Yee, Elvina Elvina, Peapah Peapah, Kyawt Kyawt, Poe Thit Oo, William PoWah, Jacqueline Roger Min, Jacher Wiladphaingern, Lorenz von Seidlein, Suphak Nosten and Francois Nosten Malaria Journal 2016

Cost effectiveness of intermittent screening followed by treatment versus intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy in West Africa: analysis and modelling of results from a non-inferiority trial

Emergence of high-grade sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in parts of Africa has led to growing concerns about the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy (IPTp) with ... Silke Fernandes, Elisa Sicuri, Diawara Halimatou, James Akazili, Kalifa Boiang, Daniel Chandramohan, Sheikh Coulibaly, Sory Ibrahim Diawara, Kassoum Kayentao, Feiko ter Kuile, Pascal Magnussen, Harry Tagbor, John Williams, Arouna Woukeu, Matthew Cairns, Brian Greenwood… Malaria Journal 2016 15:493

Plasmodium vivax msp-3α polymorphisms: analysis in the Indian subcontinent

Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite and accounts for approximately the same number of malaria cases as P.falciparum in India. Compared with Anju Verma, Hema Joshi, Vineeta Singh, Anup Anvikar and Neena Valecha Malaria Journal 2016

A novel method for mapping village-scale outdoor resting microhabitats of the primary African malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae

Knowledge of Anopheles resting habitats is needed to advance outdoor malaria vector control. This study presents a technique to map locations of resting habitats using high-resolution satellite imagery (world vie... Julius R. Dewald, Douglas O. Fuller, Günter C. Müller and John C. Beier Malaria Journal 2016 15:489

Filling gaps o­n ivermectin knowledge: effects o­n the survival and reproduction of Anopheles aquasalis, a Latin American malaria vector

Strategies designed to advance towards malaria elimination rely o­n the detection and treatment of infections, rather than fever, and the interruption of malaria transmission between mosquitoes and humans. Mass... Vanderson S. Sampaio, Tatiana P. Beltrán, Kevin C. Kobylinski, Gisely C. Melo, José B. P. Lima, Sara G. M. Silva, Íria C. Rodriguez, Henrique Silveira, Maria G. V. B. Guerra, Quique Bassat, Paulo F. P. Pimenta, Marcus V. G. Lacerda and Wuelton M. Monteiro Malaria Journal 2016 15:491

The central role of national programme management for the achievement of malaria elimination: a cross case-study analysis of nine malaria programmes

A malaria eradication goal has been proposed, at the same time as a new global strategy and implementation framework. Countries are considering the strategies and tools that will enable progress towards malari...Cara Smith Gueye, Gretchen Newby, Jim Tulloch, Laurence Slutsker, Marcel Tanner and Roland D. Gosling Malaria Journal 2016 15:488

Quantitative, model-based estimates of variability in the generation and serial intervals of Plasmodium falciparum malaria

The serial interval is a fundamentally important quantity in infectious disease epidemiology that has numerous applications to inferring patterns of transmission from case data. Many of these applications are apr... John H. Huber, Geoffrey L. Johnston, Bryan Greenhouse, David L. Smith and T. Alex Perkins Malaria Journal 2016 15:490

Parasite dynamics in the peripheral blood and the placenta during pregnancy-associated malaria infection

Malaria infections during pregnancy lead to sequestration of parasite infected red blood cells in the placenta. Placental infection can result in adverse outcomes for mothers and infants. Despite many studies,... Lauren M. Cohee, Linda Kalilani-Phiri, Patricia Mawindo, Sudhaunshu Joshi, Matthew Adams, Leo Kenefic, Christopher G. Jacob, Terrie E. Taylor and Miriam K. Laufer Malaria Journal 2016 15:483

A computational lens for sexual-stage transmission, reproduction, fitness and kinetics in Plasmodium falciparum

The burden of falciparum malaria remains unacceptably high in much of sub-Saharan Africa and massive efforts are underway to eliminate the parasite. While symptoms of malaria are caused by asexual reproduction... Mara K. N. Lawniczak and Philip A. Eckhoff Malaria Journal 2016 15:487

Geographic distribution of amino acid mutations in DHFR and DHPS in Plasmodium vivax isolates from Lao PDR, India and Colombia

Non-synonymous mutations in dhfr and dhps genes in Plasmodium vivax are associated with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) resistance. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of point mutations in P. vivax d... Naowarat Saralamba, Supatchara Nakeesathit, Mayfong Mayxay, Paul N. Newton, Lyda Osorio, Jung-Ryong Kim, Nicholas J. White, Nicholas P. J. Day, Arjen M. Dondorp and Mallika Imwong Malaria Journal 2016 15:484

Lay knowledge and management of malaria in Baringo county, Kenya

Malaria, a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted by female anopheline mosquitoes, is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and loss in productivity in humans. Baringo Count... Edna N. Mutua, Salome A. Bukachi, Bernard K. Bett, Benson A. Estambale and Isaac K. Nyamongo Malaria Journal 2016 15:486

Infections with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy affect VAR2CSA DBL-5 domain-specific T cell cytokine responses

Current knowledge of human immunological responses to pregnancy-associated malaria-specific P.falciparum protein VAR2CSA concerns almost exclusively B cell-driven antibody-mediated activity. Knowledge o... Komi Gbédandé, Gilles Cottrell, Bertin Vianou, Samad Ibitokou, Aurax Fernando, Marita Troye-Blomberg, Ali Salanti, Kabirou Moutairou, Achille Massougbodji, Nicaise Tuikue Ndam, Philippe Deloron, Adrian J. F. Luty and Nadine Fievet Malaria Journal 2016

Stage-dependent fate of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells in the spleen and sickle-cell trait-related protection against malaria

Sickle-cell trait (HbAS) reduces falciparum malaria risk and suppresses parasitaemia. Although several candidate mechanisms have been proposed, their epidemiological, clinical and experimental correlates have ... Seidina A. S. Diakité, Papa Alioune Ndour, Valentine Brousse, Frederick Gay, Camille Roussel, Sylvestre Biligui, Michaël Dussiot, Virginie Prendki, Tatiana M. Lopera-Mesa, Karim Traoré, Drissa Konaté, Saibou Doumbia, Jérôme Cros, Safi Dokmak, Rick M. Fairhurst, Mahamadou Diakité… Malaria Journal 2016 15:482

Failure of dihydroartemisinin plus piperaquine treatment of falciparum malaria by under-dosing in an overweight patient

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) introduced in the mid-1990s has been recommended since 2005 by the World Health Organization as first-line treatment against Plasmodium falciparum in all endemic countr... Jean Baptiste Roseau, Bruno Pradines, Nicolas Paleiron, Serge Vedy, Marylin Madamet, Fabrice Simon and Emilie Javelle Malaria Journal 2016 15:479

Natural products from Zanthoxylum heitzii with potent activity against the malaria parasite

Zanthoxylum heitzii (Rutaceae) (olon) is used in traditional medicine in Central and West Africa to treat malaria. To identify novel compounds with anti-parasitic activity and validate... Christopher Dean Goodman, Ingvild Austarheim, Vanessa Mollard, Bertin Mikolo, Karl Egil Malterud, Geoffrey I. McFadden and Helle Wangensteen Malaria Journal 2016 15:481

Impact of the Mass Drug Administration for malaria in response to the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone

As emergency response to the Ebola epidemic, the Government of Sierra Leone and its partners implemented a large-scale Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with artesunate–amodiaquine (ASAQ) covering >2.7 million pe... Maru Aregawi, Samuel J. Smith, Musa Sillah-Kanu, John Seppeh, Anitta R. Y. Kamara, Ryan O. Williams, John J. Aponte, Andrea Bosman and Pedro Alonso Malaria Journal 2016 15:480

Cedrol, a malaria mosquito oviposition attractant is produced by fungi isolated from rhizomes of the grass Cyperus rotundus

Cedrol, a sesquiterpene alcohol, is the first identified oviposition attractant for African malaria vectors. Finding the natural source of this compound might help to elucidate why Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles... Lynda K. Eneh, Hiromi Saijo, Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson, Jenny M. Lindh and Gunaratna Kuttuva Rajarao Malaria Journal 2016 15:478

The association between household bed net ownership and all-cause child mortality in Madagascar

Malaria continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Madagascar. It has been estimated that the malaria burden costs Madagascar over $52 million annually in terms of treatment costs, lost p... Dominique Meekers and Joshua O. Yukich Malaria Journal 2016 15:475

Safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic evaluations of a new coated chloroquine tablet in a single-arm open-label non-comparative trial in Brazil: a step towards a user-friendly malaria vivax treatment

Malaria remains a major public health problem, with half the world population at risk of contracting malaria. The effects of Plasmodium vivax o­n prosperity and longevity have been highlighted in several recent cl... Dhelio Pereira, André Daher, Graziela Zanini, Ivan Maia, Lais Fonseca, Luciana Pitta, Rosilene Ruffato, Paola Marchesini and Cor Jesus Fontes Malaria Journal 2016 15:477

Clinical development of placental malaria vaccines and immunoassays harmonization: a workshop report

Placental malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection constitutes a major health problem manifesting as severe disease and anaemia in the mother, impaired fetal development, low birth weight or spontaneous ... Arnaud Chêne, Sophie Houard, Morten A. Nielsen, Sophia Hundt, Flavia D’Alessio, Sodiomon B. Sirima, Adrian J. F. Luty, Patrick Duffy, Odile Leroy, Benoit Gamain and Nicola K. Viebig Malaria Journal 2016 15:476

Probucol dramatically enhances dihydroartemisinin effect in murine malaria

Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has been adopted as national policy for the first-line treatment in large number of malaria-endemic regions. However, artemisinin-resistant parasites have emerged an... Aiko Kume, Dang Trinh Minh Anh, Mototada Shichiri, Noriko Ishida and Hiroshi Suzuki Malaria Journal 2016 15:472

Characterizing microscopic and submicroscopic malaria parasitaemia at three sites with varied transmission intensity in Uganda

Parasite prevalence is a key metric used to quantify the burden of malaria and assess the impact of control strategies. Most published estimates of parasite prevalence are based o­n microscopy and likely undere... John Rek, Shereen Katrak, Hannah Obasi, Patience Nayebare, Agaba Katureebe, Elijah Kakande, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, Joaniter I. Nankabirwa, Prasanna Jagannathan, Chris Drakeley, Sarah G. Staedke, David L. Smith, Teun Bousema, Moses Kamya, Philip J. Rosenthal, Grant Dorsey… Malaria Journal 2016 15:470

The use of formative research to inform the design of a seasonal malaria chemoprevention intervention in northern Nigeria

Experience of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is growing in the Sahel sub-region of Africa, though there remains insufficient evidence to recommend a standard deployment strategy. In 2012, a project was... Clare E. Strachan, Musa Kana, Sandrine Martin, John Dada, Naome Wandera, Madeleine Marasciulo, Helen Counihan, Maxwell Kolawole, Tanimu Babale, Prudence Hamade, Sylvia R. Meek and Ebenezer Baba Malaria Journal 2016 15:474

Impact of interventions o­n malaria in internally displaced persons along the China–Myanmar border: 2011–2014

Internally displaced persons (IDP) represent vulnerable populations whose public health conditions merit special attention. In the China–Myanmar border area, human movement and resettlements of IDP can influen... Guofa Zhou, Eugenia Lo, Daibin Zhong, Xiaoming Wang, Ying Wang, Sameer Malla, Ming-chieh Lee, Zhaoqing Yang, Liwang Cui and Guiyun Yan Malaria Journal 2016 15:471

Approaches to estimating inbreeding coefficients in clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from genomic sequence data

The advent of whole-genome sequencing has generated increased interest in modelling the structure of strain mixture within clinical infections of Plasmodium falciparum The life cycle of the parasite implies that... John D. O’Brien, Lucas Amenga-Etego and Ruiqi Li Malaria Journal 2016 15:473

Pathway-specific inhibition of primaquine metabolism by chloroquine/quinine

There has been some evidence to suggest that the addition of chloroquine (CQ) or quinine (QN) to 8-aminoquinoline (8-AQ) regimens may increase the therapeutic efficacy of the 8-AQ and simultaneously ... Pius S. Fasinu, Babu L. Tekwani, Bharathi Avula, Narayan D. Chaurasiya, N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara, Yan-Hong Wang, Ikhlas A. Khan and Larry A. Walker Malaria Journal 2016 15:466

An improved mosquito electrocuting trap that safely reproduces epidemiologically relevant metrics of mosquito human-feeding behaviours as determined by human landing catch

Reliable quantification of mosquito host-seeking behaviours is required to determine the efficacy of vector control methods. For malaria, the gold standard approach remains the risky human landing catch (HLC).... Nicodem J. Govella, Deodatus F. Maliti, Amos T. Mlwale, John P. Masallu, Nosrat Mirzai, Paul C. D. Johnson, Heather M. Ferguson and Gerry F. Killeen Malaria Journal 2016

A Phase II pilot trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of ferroquine against early Plasmodium falciparum in an induced blood-stage malaria infection study

Ferroquine (SSR97193) is a candidate anti-malarial currently undergoing clinical trials for malaria. To better understand its pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters the compound was tested in... James S. McCarthy, Thomas Rückle, Elhadj Djeriou, Cathy Cantalloube, Daniel Ter-Minassian, Mark Baker, Peter O’Rourke, Paul Griffin, Louise Marquart, Rob Hooft van Huijsduijnen and Jörg J. Möhrle Malaria Journal 2016 15:469

Malaria risk factor assessment using active and passive surveillance data from Aceh Besar, Indonesia, a low endemic, malaria elimination setting with Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium vivax, and Plasmodium falciparum

As malaria transmission declines, it becomes more geographically focused and more likely due to asymptomatic and non-falciparum infections. To inform malaria elimination planning in the context of this changin...Herdiana Herdiana, Chris Cotter, Farah N. Coutrier, Iska Zarlinda, Brittany W. Zelman, Yusrifar Kharisma Tirta, Bryan Greenhouse, Roly D. Gosling, Peter Baker, Maxine Whittaker and Michelle S. Hsiang Malaria Journal 2016 15:468

Assets and challenges facing caregivers when managing malaria in young children in rural Uganda

Despite efforts to improve malaria management for children, a substantial gap remains between policy and practice in Uganda. The aim of this study was to create quantitative profiles of assets and challenges f... Rosemin Kassam, John Collins and Richard Sekiwunga Malaria Journal 2016 15:467

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) predicts the occurrence of malaria-induced acute kidney injury

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequently encountered complication of imported Plasmodium falciparum infection. Markers of structural kidney damage have been found to detect AKI earlier than serum creatinine-base... Marlies E. van Wolfswinkel, Liese C. Koopmans, Dennis A. Hesselink, Ewout J. Hoorn, Rob Koelewijn, Jaap J. van Hellemond and Perry J. J. van Genderen Malaria Journal 2016 15:464

Intravascular haemolysis with haemoglobinuria in a splenectomized patient with severe Plasmodium knowlesi malaria

Haemoglobinuria is an uncommon complication of severe malaria, reflecting acute intravascular haemolysis and potentially leading to acute kidney injury. It can occur early in the course of infection as a conse... Bridget E. Barber, Matthew J. Grigg, Timothy William, Tsin W. Yeo and Nicholas M. Anstey Malaria Journal 2016 15:462

An inter-laboratory comparison of standard membrane-feeding assays for evaluation of malaria transmission-blocking vaccines

An effective malaria transmission-blocking vaccine may play an important role in malaria elimination efforts, and a robust biological assay is essential for its development. The standard membrane-feeding assay... Kazutoyo Miura, Will J. R. Stone, Karin M. Koolen, Bingbing Deng, Luwen Zhou, Geert-Jan van Gemert, Emily Locke, Merribeth Morin, Teun Bousema, Robert W. Sauerwein, Carole A. Long and Koen J. Dechering Malaria Journal 2016 15:463

Plasmodium falciparum and Mycoplasma pneumoniae co-infection presenting with cerebral malaria manifesting orofacial dyskinesia and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease with diverse clinical manifestations caused by a parasitic protozoan of the genus Plasmodium. Complex inter-relationships between Mycoplasma species and Plasmodium p...Praveen Weeratunga, Gowri Rathnayake, Ahalya Sivashangar, Panduka Karunanayake, Ariaranee Gnanathasan and Thashi Chang Malaria Journal 2016 15:461

Multi-method assessment of patients with febrile illness reveals over-diagnosis of malaria in rural Uganda

Health clinics in rural Africa are typically resource-limited. As a result, many patients presenting with fever are treated with anti-malarial drugs based o­nly o­n clinical presentation. This is a considerable ... Ria R. Ghai, Mary I. Thurber, Azza El Bakry, Colin A. Chapman and Tony L. Goldberg Malaria Journal 2016 15:460

A malariometric survey of under-fives residing in indoor residual spraying-implementing and non-implementing communities of Lagos, Nigeria

Indoor residual spraying (IRS) is used as part of the integrated vector management strategy for the control of malaria in Lagos, Nigeria. The purpose of this study was to compare the malariometric indices of c... Babatunde A. Odugbemi, Kikelomo O. Wright, Adebayo T. o­najole, Yetunde A. Kuyinu, Olayinka O. Goodman, Tinuola O. Odugbemi and Olumuyiwa O. Odusanya Malaria Journal 2016 15:458

Characterization of fine specificity of the immune response to a Plasmodium falciparum rhoptry neck protein, PfAARP

Immunological characterization of potential blood-stage malaria antigens would be a valuable strategy in the development of an effective vaccine. Identifying B and CD4⁺ T cell epitopes will be important in unders... Aakanksha Kalra, Paushali Mukherjee and Virander S. Chauhan Malaria Journal 2016 15:457

The increasing importance of Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae in a malaria elimination setting: an observational study of imported cases in Jiangsu Province, China, 2011–2014

Following initiation of China’s National Malaria Elimination Action Plan in 2010, indigenous malaria infections in Jiangsu Province decreased significantly. Meanwhile imported Plasmodium infections have increased... Yuanyuan Cao, Weiming Wang, Yaobao Liu, Chris Cotter, Huayun Zhou, Guoding Zhu, Jianxia Tang, Feng Tang, Feng Lu, Sui Xu, Yaping Gu, Chao Zhang, Julin Li and Jun Cao Malaria Journal 2016 15:459

Field evaluation of diagnostic performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in western Kenya

Malaria continues to be a major burden in the endemic regions of Kenya. Health outcomes associated with case management are dependent o­n the use of appropriate diagnostic methods. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)...Elizabeth W. Wanja, Nickline Kuya, Collins Moranga, Mark Hickman, Jacob D. Johnson, Carolyne Moseti, Lalaine Anova, Bernhards Ogutu and Colin Ohrt Malaria Journal 2016 15:456

Economic burden of malaria o­n businesses in Ghana: a case for private sector investment in malaria control

Despite the significant gains made globally in reducing the burden of malaria, the disease remains a major public health challenge, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Ghana. There is a significan... Justice Nonvignon, Genevieve Cecilia Aryeetey, Keziah L. Malm, Samuel Agyei Agyemang, Vivian N. A. Aubyn, Nana Yaw Peprah, Constance N. Bart-Plange and Moses Aikins Malaria Journal 2016 15:454

Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous artelinate versus artesunate in uncomplicated Plasmodium coatneyi-infected rhesus monkey model

The US Army designed artelinate/lysine salt (AL) to overcome the instability of sodium artesunate in aqueous solution (AS). To select the most efficacious artemisinin treatment, direct comparison was performed... Paktiya Teja-Isavadharm, Duangsuda Siriyanonda, Maneerat Rasameesoraj, Amporn Limsalakpeth, Nitima Chanarat, Natthasorn Komcharoen, Peter J. Weina, David L. Saunders, Montip Gettayacamin and R. Scott Miller Malaria Journal 2016 15:453

In vivo efficacy of artesunate–amodiaquine and artemether–lumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: an open-randomized, non-inferiority clinical trial in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo

Between 2009 and 2012, malaria cases diagnosed in a Médecins sans Frontières programme have increased fivefold in Baraka, South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The cause of this increase is not k... Marit de Wit, Anna L. Funk, Krystel Moussally, David Aksanti Nkuba, Ruby Siddiqui, Karla Bil, Erwan Piriou, Aldert Bart, Patrick Bahizi Bizoza and Teun Bousema Malaria Journal 2016 15:455

Selection of Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt and pfmdr1 polymorphisms after treatment with artesunate–amodiaquine fixed dose combination or artemether–lumefantrine in Liberia

Plasmodium falciparum uncomplicated malaria can successfully be treated with an artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). However resistance is spreading to the different ACT compou...

Sabina Dahlström Otienoburu, Oumou Maïga-Ascofaré, Birgit Schramm, Vincent Jullien, Joel J. Jones, Yah M. Zolia, Pascal Houzé, Elizabeth A. Ashley, Jean-René Kiechel, Philippe J. Guérin, Jacques Le Bras and Sandrine Houzé Malaria Journal 2016 15:452

Malaria and large dams in sub-Saharan Africa: future impacts in a changing climate

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has embarked o­n a new era of dam building to improve food security and promote economic development. Nonetheless, the future impacts of dams o­n malaria transmission are poorly understo... Solomon Kibret, Jonathan Lautze, Matthew McCartney, Luxon Nhamo and G. Glenn Wilson Malaria Journal 2016 15:448

Distribution and prevalence of malaria parasites among long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in regional populations across Southeast Asia

Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium cynomolgi are two malaria parasites naturally transmissible between humans and wild macaque through mosquito vectors, while Plasmodium inui can be ex... Xinjun Zhang, Khamisah Abdul Kadir, Leslie Fabiola Quintanilla-Zariñan, Jason Villano, Paul Houghton, Hongli Du, Balbir Singh and David Glenn Smith Malaria Journal 2016 15:450

Eave tubes for malaria control in Africa: a modelling assessment of potential impact o­n transmission

Novel interventions for malaria control are necessary in the face of problems such as increasing insecticide resistance and residual malaria transmission. o­ne way to assess performance prior to deployment in t... Jessica L. Waite, Penelope A. Lynch and Matthew B. Thomas Malaria Journal 2016 15:449

Plasmodium cynomolgi infections in rhesus macaques display clinical and parasitological features pertinent to modelling vivax malaria pathology and relapse infections

Plasmodium vivax infections in humans or in new world monkeys pose research challenges that necessitate the use of alternative model systems. Plasmodium cynomolgi is a closely related ... Chester Joyner, Alberto Moreno, Esmeralda V. S. Meyer, Monica Cabrera-Mora, Jessica C. Kissinger, John W. Barnwell and Mary R. Galinski Malaria Journal 2016 15:451

Eave tubes for malaria control in Africa: initial development and semi-field evaluations in Tanzania

Presented here are a series of preliminary experiments evaluating “eave tubes”—a technology that combines house screening with a novel method of delivering insecticides for control of malaria mosquitoes. Eleanore D. Sternberg, Kija R. Ng’habi, Issa N. Lyimo, Stella T. Kessy, Marit Farenhorst, Matthew B. Thomas, Bart G. J. Knols and Ladslaus L. Mnyone Malaria Journal 2016

Assessing the asymptomatic reservoir and dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine effectiveness in a low transmission setting threatened by artemisinin resistant Plasmodium falciparum

In Cambodia, elimination of artemisinin resistance through direct elimination of the P.falciparum parasite may be the o­nly strategy. Prevalence and incidence at district and village levels were assessed ... Grégoire Falq, Rafael Van Den Bergh, Martin De Smet, William Etienne, Chea Nguon, Huy Rekol, Mallika Imwong, Arjen Dondorp and Jean-Marie Kindermans Malaria Journal 2016

Immune response pattern in recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria

Plasmodium vivax is the causative agent of human malaria of large geographic distribution, with 35 million cases annually. In Brazil, it is the most prevalent species, being responsibl... Yury Oliveira Chaves, Allyson Guimarães da Costa, Marcelo Luís Monteiro Pereira, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães de Lacerda, Jordana Grazziela Coelho-dos-Reis, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Adriana Malheiro, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Patrícia Puccinelli Orlandi, Claudio Romero Farias Marinho and Paulo Afonso Nogueira Malaria Journal 2016 15:445

A prospective cohort study to assess the micro-epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria in Ilha Josina Machel (Manhiça, Mozambique)

After the decrease in clinical malaria incidence observed in Mozambique until 2009, a steady resurgence of cases per year has been reported nationally, reaching alarming levels in 2014. However, little is know... Beatriz Galatas, Caterina Guinovart, Quique Bassat, John J. Aponte, Lídia Nhamússua, Eusebio Macete, Francisco Saúte, Pedro Alonso and Pedro Aide Malaria Journal 2016

Prevalence and diagnostics of congenital malaria in rural Burundi, a cross-sectional study

Congenital malaria, defined as the presence of asexual forms of malaria parasites in the peripheral blood during the first 7 days of life, remains a neglected area of research. Knowledge gaps exist about preva... Jorgen Stassijns, Wilma van den Boogaard, Pieter Pannus, Alphonse Nkunzimana and Anna Rosanas-Urgell Malaria Journal 2016

Phase 1 randomized controlled trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant Pichia pastoris-expressed Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (PfAMA1-FVO [25-545]) in healthy Malian adults in Bandiagara

The safety and immunogenicity of PfAMA1, adjuvanted with Alhydrogel^® was assessed in malaria–experienced Malian adults. The malaria vaccine, PfAMA1-FVO [25-545] is a recombinant protein Pichia pastoris-expressed ...Mahamadou A. Thera, Drissa Coulibaly, Abdoulaye K. Kone, Ando B. Guindo, Karim Traore, Abdourhamane H. Sall, Issa Diarra, Modibo Daou, Idrissa M. Traore, Youssouf Tolo, Mady Sissoko, Amadou Niangaly, Charles Arama, Mounirou Baby, Bourema Kouriba, Mahamadou S. Sissoko… Malaria Journal 2016 15:442

Malaria elimination challenges in Mesoamerica: evidence of submicroscopic malaria reservoirs in Guatemala

Even though malaria incidence has decreased substantially in Guatemala since 2000, Guatemala remains o­ne of the countries with the highest malaria transmission in Mesoamerica. Guatemala is committed to elimina... Shirley Evelyn Lennon, Adolfo Miranda, Juliana Henao, Andres F. Vallejo, Julianh Perez, Alvaro Alvarez, Myriam Arévalo-Herrera and Sócrates Herrera Malaria Journal 2016

Cow-baited tents are highly effective in sampling diverse Anopheles malaria vectors in Cambodia

The accurate monitoring and evaluation of malaria vectors requires efficient sampling. The objective of this study was to compare methods for sampling outdoor-biting Anopheles mosquitoes in Cambodia. Brandyce St. Laurent, Kolthida Oy, Becky Miller, Elizabeth B. Gasteiger, Eunjae Lee, Siv Sovannaroth, Robert W. Gwadz, Jennifer M. Anderson and Rick M. Fairhurst Malaria Journal 2016 15:440

Acceptability of malaria rapid diagnostic tests administered by village health workers in Pangani District, North eastern Tanzania

Malaria continues to top the list of the ten most threatening diseases to child survival in Tanzania. The country has a functional policy for appropriate case management of malaria with rapid diagnostic tests ... Adiel K. Mushi, Julius J. Massaga, Celine I. Mandara, Godfrey M. Mubyazi, Filbert Francis, Mathias Kamugisha, Jenesta Urassa, Martha Lemnge, Fidelis Mgohamwende, Sigbert Mkude and Joanna Armstrong Schellenberg Malaria Journal 2016 15:439

Reviewing South Africa’s malaria elimination strategy (2012-2018): progress, challenges and priorities

With a sustained national malaria incidence of fewer than o­ne case per 1000 population at risk, in 2012 South Africa officially transitioned from controlling malaria to the ambitious goal of eliminating malar... Jaishree Raman, Natashia Morris, John Frean, Basil Brooke, Lucille Blumberg, Philip Kruger, Aaron Mabusa, Eric Raswiswi, Bridget Shandukani, Eunice Misani, Mary-Anne Groepe and Devanand Moonasar Malaria Journal 2016 15:438

Adding a single low-dose of primaquine (0.25 mg/kg) to artemether-lumefantrine did not compromise treatment outcome of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Tanzania: a randomized, single-blinded clinical trial

The WHO recently recommended the addition of a single low-dose of the gametocytocidal drug primaquine (PQ) to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) in low transmission setting... Richard Mwaiswelo, Billy Ngasala, Irina Jovel, Berit Aydin-Schmidt, Roland Gosling, Zul Premji, Bruno Mmbando, Anders Björkman and Andreas Mårtensson Malaria Journal 2016

Reductions in malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes following indoor residual spraying of insecticide in Uganda

Indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) is a key intervention for reducing the burden of malaria in Africa. However, data o­n the impact of IRS o­n malaria in pregnancy and birth outcomes is limited. Mary K. Muhindo, Abel Kakuru, Paul Natureeba, Patricia Awori, Peter Olwoch, John Ategeka, Patience Nayebare, Tamara D. Clark, Atis Muehlenbachs, Michelle Roh, Betty Mpeka, Bryan Greenhouse, Diane V. Havlir, Moses R. Kamya, Grant Dorsey and Prasanna Jagannathan Malaria Journal 2016 15:437

High mobility, low access thwarts interventions among seasonal workers in the Greater Mekong Sub-region: lessons from the malaria containment project

During the process of malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Sub-region, mobile and migrant populations (MMPs) have been identified as the most at-risk demographic. An important sub-group of MMPs are season... Sara E. Canavati, Cesia E. Quintero, Harriet L. S. Lawford, Sovann Yok, Dysoley Lek, Jack S. Richards and Maxine Anne Whittaker Malaria Journal 2016 15:434

Prevalence of malaria in pregnancy in southern Laos: a cross-sectional survey

There are no data o­n the burden of malaria in pregnancy (MiP) in Laos, where malaria still remains prevalent in the south. Valérie Briand, Jean-Yves Le Hesran, Mayfong Mayxay, Paul N. Newton, Gwladys Bertin, Sandrine Houzé, Sommay Keomany, Yom Inthavong, Nanthasane Vannavong, Keobouphaphone Chindavongsa, Bouasy Hongvanthong and Nadine Fievet Malaria Journal 2016

Laboratory rearing of Anopheles arabiensis: impact o­n genetic variability and implications for Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) based mosquito control in northern Sudan

Mosquito colony populations often show significant changes in their population genetic make-up compared to the field populations that were used as founding source. Most of the changes that have been reported a... Rasha Siddig Azrag, Kamal Ibrahim, Colin Malcolm, Elamin El Rayah and Badria El-Sayed Malaria Journal 2016 15:432

Selection of N86F184D1246 haplotype of Pfmrd1 gene by artemether–lumefantrine drug pressure o­n Plasmodium falciparum populations in Senegal

The use of artemisinin as a monotherapy resulted in the emergence of artemisinin resistance in 2005 in Southeast Asia. Monitoring of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is critical in order to detect and pr... Aminata Mbaye, Baba Dieye, Yaye D. Ndiaye, Amy K. Bei, Affara Muna, Awa B. Deme, Mamadou S. Yade, Khadim Diongue, Amy Gaye, Ibrahima M. Ndiaye, Tolla Ndiaye, Mouhamad Sy, Mamadou A. Diallo, Aida S. Badiane, Mouhamadou Ndiaye, Mame C. Seck… Malaria Journal 2016 15:433

Burden of malaria is higher among children in an internal displacement camp compared to a neighbouring village in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), violent conflict has caused the displacement of millions of people into camps where they are exposed to poor living conditions and high rates of infectious diseas... Rhianna Charchuk, Makelele Katsuva Jean Paul, Kasereka Masumbuko Claude, Stan Houston and Michael T. Hawkes Malaria Journal 2016 15:431

Markov chain Monte Carlo and expectation maximization approaches for estimation of haplotype frequencies for multiply infected human blood samples

Haplotypes are important in anti-malarial drug resistance because genes encoding drug resistance may accumulate mutations at several codons in the same gene, each mutation increasing the level of drug resistan... Gie Ken-Dror and Ian M. Hastings Malaria Journal 2016 15:430

Non-falciparum malaria in Dakar: a confirmed case of Plasmodium ovale wallikeri infection

Plasmodium ovale is rarely described in Senegal. A case of clinical malaria due to P. ovale wallikeri in West Central of Senegal is reported. Mamadou A. Diallo, Aida S. Badiane, Khadim Diongue, Awa Deme, Naomi W. Lucchi, Marie Gaye, Tolla Ndiaye, Mouhamadou Ndiaye, Louise K. Sene, Abdoulaye Diop, Amy Gaye, Yaye D. Ndiaye, Diama Samb, Mamadou S. Yade, Omar Ndir, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar… Malaria Journal 2016 15:429

Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, liraglutide, in experimental cerebral malaria: implications for the role of oxidative stress in cerebral malaria

Cerebral malaria from Plasmodium falciparum infection is major cause of death in the tropics. The pathogenesis of the disease is complex and the contribution of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) in t... Brian DellaValle, Casper Hempel, Trine Staalsoe, Flemming Fryd Johansen and Jørgen Anders Lindholm Kurtzhals Malaria Journal 2016 15:427

Influence of the agrochemicals used for rice and vegetable cultivation o­n insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in southern Côte d’Ivoire

Vector control can contribute to the development of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors. As the swamps and wetlands used for some agricultural activities constitute productive breeding sites for many... Mouhamadou S. Chouaïbou, Behi K. Fodjo, Gilbert Fokou, Ouattara F. Allassane, Benjamin G. Koudou, Jean-Philippe David, Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio, Hilary Ranson and Bassirou Bonfoh Malaria Journal 2016 15:426

Behavioural and neurological symptoms accompanied by cellular neuroinflammation in IL-10-deficient mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi

Cerebral malaria is o­ne of the most severe complications of Plasmodium falciparum infection and occurs mostly in young African children. This syndrome results from a combination of high levels of parasitaemia and... Kyle D. Wilson, Sonja J. Stutz, Lorenzo F. Ochoa, Gustavo A. Valbuena, Petra D. Cravens, Kelly T. Dineley, Gracie Vargas and Robin Stephens Malaria Journal 2016

Functional genomic analyses of Enterobacter, Anopheles and Plasmodium reciprocal interactions that impact vector competence

Malaria exerts a tremendous socioeconomic impact worldwide despite current control efforts, and novel disease transmission-blocking strategies are urgently needed. The Enterobacter bacterium Esp_Z, which is natur... Nathan J. Dennison, Raúl G. Saraiva, Chris M. Cirimotich, Godfree Mlambo, Emmanuel F. Mongodin and George Dimopoulos Malaria Journal 2016 15:425

Investigation of mechanisms of bendiocarb resistance in Anopheles gambiae populations from the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon

Resistance to the carbamate insecticide bendiocarb is emerging in An.gambiae populations from the city of Yaoundé in Cameroon. However, the molecular basis of this resistance remains uncharacterized. The p... Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio, Rodolphe Poupardin, Billy Fossog Tene, Edmond Kopya, Carlo Costantini, Parfait Awono-Ambene and Charles S. Wondji Malaria Jour2016

The impact of behaviour change communication o­n the use of insecticide treated nets: a secondary analysis of ten post-campaign surveys from Nigeria

Mass distribution campaigns of insecticide-treated nets for malaria prevention are usually accompanied by intensive behaviour change communication (BCC) to encourage hanging and use of nets. However, data o­n t... Albert Kilian, Harriet Lawford, Chinazo N. Ujuju, Tarekegn A. Abeku, Ernest Nwokolo, Festus Okoh and Ebenezer Baba Malaria Journal 2016 15:422

Assessment of submicroscopic infections and gametocyte carriage of Plasmodium falciparum during peak malaria transmission season in a community-based cross-sectional survey in western Kenya, 2012

Although malaria control intervention has greatly decreased malaria morbidity and mortality in many African countries, further decline in parasite prevalence has stagnated in western Kenya. In order to assess ... Zhiyong Zhou, Rebecca M. Mitchell, Simon Kariuki, Christopher Odero, Peter Otieno, Kephas Otieno, Philip o­nyona, Vincent Were, Ryan E. Wiegand, John E. Gimnig, Edward D. Walker, Meghna Desai and Ya Ping Shi Malaria Journal 2016 15:421

A comparative molecular survey of malaria prevalence among Eastern chimpanzee populations in Issa Valley (Tanzania) and Kalinzu (Uganda)

Habitat types can affect vector and pathogen distribution and transmission dynamics. The prevalence and genetic diversity of Plasmodium spp. in two eastern chimpanzee populations—Kalinzu Forest Reserve, Uganda an... Mwanahamisi I. Mapua, Klára J. Petrželková, Jade Burgunder, Eva Dadáková, Kristýna Brožová, Kristýna Hrazdilová, Fiona A. Stewart, Alex K. Piel, Peter Vallo, Hans-Peter Fuehrer, Chie Hashimoto, David Modrý and Moneeb A. Qablan Malaria Journal 2016 15:423

Using supply side evidence to inform oral artemisinin monotherapy replacement in Myanmar: a case study

In 2012, alarmingly high rates of oral artemisinin monotherapy availability and use were detected along Eastern Myanmar, threatening efforts to halt the spread of artemisinin resistance in the Greater Mekong S... Hnin Su Su Khin, Tin Aung, Moe Aung, Aung Thi, Matt Boxshall and Chris White Malaria Journal 2016 15:418

Malaria intervention scale-up in Africa: effectiveness predictions for health programme planning tools, based o­n dynamic transmission modelling

Scale-up of malaria prevention and treatment needs to continue to further important gains made in the past decade, but national strategies and budget allocations are not always evidence-based. Statistical mode... Eline Korenromp, Guy Mahiané, Matthew Hamilton, Carel Pretorius, Richard Cibulskis, Jeremy Lauer, Thomas A. Smith and Olivier J. T. Briët Malaria Journal 2016 15:417

Malaria in urban, semi-urban and rural areas of southern of Gabon: comparison of the Pfmdr 1 and Pfcrt genotypes from symptomatic children

Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are first- and second-line treatments for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Gabon. AL remains highly efficacious, but its widespread us... Sydney Maghendji-Nzondo, Lady-Charlène Kouna, Gaël Mourembou, Larson Boundenga, Romeo-Karl Imboumy-Limoukou, Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui, Rella Manego-Zoleko, Bertrand Mbatchi, Didier Raoult, Fousseyni Toure-Ndouo and Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki Malaria Journal 2016 15:420

Phagocytosis-inducing antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum upon immunization with a recombinant PfEMP1 NTS-DBL1α domain

Individuals living in endemic areas gradually acquire natural immunity to clinical malaria, largely dependent o­n antibodies against parasite antigens. There are many studies indicating that the variant antigen... Maria del Pilar Quintana, Davide Angeletti, Kirsten Moll, Qijun Chen and Mats Wahlgren

Malaria Journal 2016 15:416

Erratum to: Construction site workers’ malaria knowledge and treatment-seeking pattern in a highly endemic urban area of India

Siddharudha Shivalli, Sudarshan Pai, Kibballi Madhukeshwar Akshaya and Neevan D’Souza Malaria Journal 2016 15:415

Diversity and frequency of kdr mutations within Anopheles sinensis populations from Guangxi, China

Anopheles sinensis is a major vector of malaria in China and its control is under great threat as the development of insecticide resistance. Voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) is the ... Chan Yang, Xiangyang Feng, Zushi Huang, Mei Li and Xinghui Qiu Malaria Journal 2016 15:411

Prevalence of crt and mdr-1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Grande Comore island after withdrawal of chloroquine

In Comoros, the widespread of chloroquine (CQ)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum populations was a major obstacle to malaria control, which led to the official withdrawal of CQ in 2004. Continuous monitoring of CQ-... Bo Huang, Qi Wang, Changsheng Deng, Jianhua Wang, Tao Yang, Shiguang Huang, Xin-zhuan Su, Yajun Liu, Longhua Pan, Guoming Li, Di Li, Hongying Zhang, Afane Bacar, Kamal Said Abdallah, Rachad Attoumane, Ahamada M. S. A. Mliva… Malaria Journal 2016

Feasibility and implementation of community-based malaria case management with integrated vector control in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Malaria prevalence in the Mulumbu Health Area in Lualaba Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo has remained high (>70 %) despite repeated vector control (indoor residual spray) and mass insecticide-treate... Edouard Kawawa Swana, Ghislain Yav Makan, Clarence Kaut Mukeng, Henriette Ilunga Mupumba, Gabriel Mutabusha Kalaba, Oscar Numbi Luboya and Michael J. Bangs Malaria Journal 2016 15:413

Evaluation of the operational challenges in implementing reactive screen-and-treat and implications of reactive case detection strategies for malaria elimination in a region of low transmission in southern Zambia

As malaria transmission declines in many regions of sub-Saharan Africa, interventions to identify the asymptomatic reservoir are being deployed with the goals of improving surveillance and interrupting transmi... Kelly M. Searle, Harry Hamapumbu, Jailos Lubinda, Timothy M. Shields, Jessie Pinchoff, Tamaki Kobayashi, Jennifer C. Stevenson, Daniel J. Bridges, David A. Larsen, Philip E. Thuma and William J. Moss Malaria Journal 2016 15:412

Sustaining control: lessons from the Lubombo spatial development initiative in southern Africa

The Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative (LSDI) was a tri-country project between South Africa, Swaziland and Mozambique with the aim of accelerating socio-economic development in the region. The malaria com... Rajendra Maharaj, Devanand Moonasar, Candrinho Baltazar, Simon Kunene and Natashia Morris Malaria Journal 2016 15:409

Quantifying the removal of red blood cells in Macaca mulatta during a Plasmodium coatneyi infection

Malaria is the most deadly parasitic disease in humans globally, and the long-time coexistence with malaria has left indelible marks in the human genome that are the causes of a variety of genetic disorders. A... Luis L. Fonseca, Harnel S. Alezi, Alberto Moreno, John W. Barnwell, Mary R. Galinski and Eberhard O. Voit Malaria Journal 2016 15:410

Eave tubes for malaria control in Africa: an introduction

In spite of massive progress in the control of African malaria since the turn of the century, there is a clear and recognized need for additional tools beyond long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) ... Bart G. J. Knols, Marit Farenhorst, Rob Andriessen, Janneke Snetselaar, Remco A. Suer, Anne J. Osinga, Johan M. H. Knols, Johan Deschietere, Kija R. Ng’habi, Issa N. Lyimo, Stella T. Kessy, Valeriana S. Mayagaya, Sergej Sperling, Michael Cordel, Eleanore D. Sternberg, Patrick Hartmann… Malaria Journal 2016 15:404

Plasma levels of Galectin-9 reflect disease severity in malaria infection

Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that interacts with sugar moieties o­n glycoproteins and glycolipids of cells and pathogens. Gal-9 is known as an immune modulator that induces cell death vi... Bindongo P. P. Dembele, Haorile Chagan-Yasutan, Toshiro Niki, Yugo Ashino, Noppadon Tangpukdee, Egawa Shinichi, Srivicha Krudsood, Shigeyuki Kano and Toshio Hattori Malaria Journal 2016 15:403

Spatial distributions of Anopheles species in relation to malaria incidence at 70 localities in the highly endemic Northwest and South Pacific coast regions of Colombia

A proper identification of malaria vectors is essential for any attempt to control this disease. Between 40 and 47 Anopheles species have been recorded in Colombia, and eight species complexes have been identifie... Martha L. Ahumada, Lorena I. Orjuela, Paula X. Pareja, Marcela Conde, Diana M. Cabarcas, Eliana F. G. Cubillos, Jorge A. Lopez, John C. Beier, Sócrates Herrera and Martha L. Quiñones Malaria Journal 2016 15:407

A comparison of malaria prevalence, control and management strategies in irrigated and non-irrigated areas in eastern Kenya

This study was conducted in Bura irrigation scheme in Tana River County and the pastoral area in Ijara, Garissa County in the eastern Kenya to establish the knowledge, attitude and practices o­n malaria transmi... John Muthii Muriuki, Philip Kitala, Gerald Muchemi, Ian Njeru, Joan Karanja and Bernard Bett Malaria Journal 2016 15:402

Despite advances in diagnostic technology, significant gaps remain in access to malaria diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis and misdiagnosis leads to unnecessary waste of resources, poor disease management, and cont...

David Bell, Alessandra E. Fleurent, Michael C. Hegg, John D. Boomgard and Caitlin C. McConnico Malaria Journal 2016 15:406

A framework for evaluating the costs of malaria elimination interventions: an application to reactive case detection in Southern Province of Zambia, 2014

This paper summarizes a framework for evaluating the costs of malaria elimination interventions and applies this approach to o­ne key component of the elimination strategy—reactive case detection (RCD)—implemen... Bruce A. Larson, Thandiwe Ngoma, Kafula Silumbe, Marie-Reine I. Rutagwera, Busiku Hamainza, Anna M. Winters, John M. Miller and Callie A. Scott Malaria Journal 2016 15:408

Assessment of Pfs25 expressed from multiple soluble expression platforms for use as transmission-blocking vaccine candidates

Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) have become a focus of strategies to control and eventually eliminate malaria as they target the entry of sexual stage into the Anopheles stephensi mosquito thereby preventin... Shwu-Maan Lee, Chia-Kuei Wu, Jordan Plieskatt, David H. McAdams, Kazutoyo Miura, Chris Ockenhouse and C. Richter King Malaria Journal 2016 15:405

Overhead tank is the potential breeding habitat of Anopheles stephensi in an urban transmission setting of Chennai, India

Wells and overhead tanks (OHT) are the major breeding sources of the local malaria vector, An.stephensi in the Indian city of Chennai; they play a significant role in vector breeding, and transmission of u... Shalu Thomas, Sangamithra Ravishankaran, Johnson A. Justin, Aswin Asokan, Manu T. Mathai, Neena Valecha, Matthew B. Thomas and Alex Eapen Malaria Journal 2016

Benchmarking vector arthropod culture: an example using the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae)

Numerous important characteristics of adult arthropods are related to their size; this is influenced by conditions experienced as immatures. Arthropods cultured in the laboratory for research, or mass-reared f... Laura Valerio, C. Matilda Collins, Rosemary Susan Lees and Mark Q. Benedict Malaria Journal 2016 15:262

Delayed acquisition of Plasmodium falciparum antigen-specific CD4⁺ T cell responses in HIV-exposed uninfected Malawian children receiving daily cotrimoxazole prophylaxis

Cotrimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis, recommended in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children primarily against HIV-related opportunistic infections, has been shown to have some efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum mal... Herbert Longwe, Kamija S. Phiri, Nyanyiwe M. Mbeye, Thandile Gondwe, Wilson L. Mandala and Kondwani C. Jambo Malaria Journal 2016 15:264

Molecular mutation profile of pfcrt in Plasmodium falciparum isolates imported from Africa in Henan province

Anti-malarial drug resistance is a primary public health problem. Haplotypes of pfcrt gene have been implicated to be molecular markers of chloroquine (CQ) resistance. This study aims to explore the prevalence of... Rui-min Zhou, Hong-wei Zhang, Cheng-yun Yang, Ying Liu, Yu-ling Zhao, Su-hua Li, Dan Qian and Bian-li Xu Malaria Journal 2016 15:265

Species composition and population dynamics of malaria vectors in three previously ignored aquatic systems in Sri Lanka

In 2015 alone there were an estimated 214 million new cases of malaria across the globe and 438,000 deaths were reported. Although indigenous malaria has not been reported in Sri Lanka since 2012, to date 247 ... Achini W. Fernando, Sevvandi Jayakody, Hiranya K. Wijenayake, Gawrie N. L. Galappaththy, Mangala Yatawara and Jeevanie Harishchandra Malaria Journal 2016

Diagnosis of placental malaria in poorly fixed and processed placental tissue

Placental histopathology has been considered the gold standard for diagnosis of malaria during pregnancy. However, in under-resourced areas placental tissue is often improperly fixed and processed; the resulti...Yunhao Liu, Jennifer B. Griffin, Atis Muehlenbachs, Stephen J. Rogerson, Anya J. Bailis, Rajni Sharma, David J. Sullivan, Antoinette K. Tshefu, Sarah H. Landis, Jean-Marie M. Kabongo, Steve M. Taylor and Steven R. Meshnick Malaria Journal 2016 15:272

Seroepidemiology of Plasmodium species infections in Zimbabwean population

Individuals living in malaria-endemic regions may be exposed to more than o­ne Plasmodium species; there is paucity of data o­n the distribution of the different species of Plasmodium in affected populations, in pa... Seth A. Amanfo, Takafira Mduluza, Nicholas Midzi, David R. Cavanagh and Francisca Mutapi Malaria Journal 2016 15:267

Diversity-oriented natural product platform identifies plant constituents targeting Plasmodium falciparum

A diverse library of pre-fractionated plant extracts, generated by an automated high-throughput system, was tested using an in vitro anti-malarial screening platform to identify known or new natural products f... Jin Zhang, John J. Bowling, David Smithson, Julie Clark, Melissa R. Jacob, Shabana I. Khan, Babu L. Tekwani, Michele Connelly, Vladimir Samoylenko, Mohamed A. Ibrahim, Mohamed A. Zaki, Mei Wang, John P. Hester, Ying Tu, Cynthia Jeffries, Nathaniel Twarog… Malaria Journal 2016 15:270

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of complicated malaria in Colombia, 2007–2013

During the last decade, Colombia presented a significant decrease in malaria clinical cases and associated mortality. However, there is a lack of reliable information about the prevalence and characteristics o... Pablo E. Chaparro-Narváez, Mary Lopez-Perez, Lina Marcela Rengifo, Julio Padilla, Sócrates Herrera and Myriam Arévalo-Herrera Malaria Journal 2016 15:269

Targeting populations at higher risk for malaria: a survey of national malaria elimination programmes in the Asia Pacific

Significant progress has been made in reducing the malaria burden in the Asia Pacific region, which is aggressively pursuing a 2030 regional elimination goal. Moving from malaria control to elimination require... Shawn Wen, Kelly E. Harvard, Cara Smith Gueye, Sara E. Canavati, Arna Chancellor, Be-Nazir Ahmed, John Leaburi, Dysoley Lek, Rinzin Namgay, Asik Surya, Garib D. Thakur, Maxine Anne Whittaker and Roly D. Gosling Malaria Journal 2016 15:271

Insights into the Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria in Ghana: the role of caregivers and licensed chemical sellers in four regions

The Affordable Medicine Facility-malaria (AMFm) was an innovative global financing mechanism for the provision of quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) across both the private and public ... Andrew A. Adjei, Peter Winch, Amos Laar, David J. Sullivan, Kwame S. Sakyi, Judith K. Stephens, George O. Adjei, Isaac A. Boateng, Vivian N. Ama Aubyn, Chrysantus Kubio, Julliette Tuakli, Linda Vanotoo, Bernard B. Bortei, Maame Amo-Addae, Felix Sorvor, Nathaniel Coleman… Malaria Journal 2016 15:263

Declining malaria transmission in rural Amazon: changing epidemiology and challenges to achieve elimination

In recent years, considerable success in reducing its incidence has been achieved in Brazil, leading to a relative increase in the proportion of cases caused by Plasmodium vivax, considered a harder-to-eliminate ... Sheila Vitor-Silva, André Machado Siqueira, Vanderson de Souza Sampaio, Caterina Guinovart, Roberto Carlos Reyes-Lecca, Gisely Cardoso de Melo, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Hernando A. del Portillo, Pedro Alonso, Quique Bassat and Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda Malaria Journal 2016 15:266.

Comparison of allele frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens in malaria infections sampled in different years in a Kenyan population

Plasmodium falciparum merozoite antigens elicit antibody responses in malaria-endemic populations, some of which are clinically protective, which is o­ne of the reasons why merozoite an... Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier, John Okombo, Njoroge Wagatua, Jacob Ochieng, Kevin K. Tetteh, Greg Fegan, Philip Bejon and Kevin Marsh. Malaria Journal 2016 15:261

Cysteamine broadly improves the anti-plasmodial activity of artemisinins against murine blood stage and cerebral malaria

The potential emergence and spread of resistance to artemisinins in the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite constitutes a major global health threat. Hence, improving the efficacy of artemisinins and of artemi... Neda Moradin, Sabrina Torre, Susan Gauthier, Mifong Tam, Jalal Hawari, Kirsten Vandercruyssen, Bart De Spiegeleer, Anny Fortin, Mary M. Stevenson and Philippe Gros Malaria Journal 2016 15:260

Differences in PfEMP1s recognized by antibodies from patients with uncomplicated or severe malaria

Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) variants are encoded by var genes and mediate pathogenic cytoadhesion and antigenic variation in malaria. PfEMP1s can be b...

Michael F. Duffy, Rintis Noviyanti, Takafumi Tsuboi, Zhi-Ping Feng, Leily Trianty, Boni F. Sebayang, Eizo Takashima, Fransisca Sumardy, Daniel A. Lampah, Louise Turner, Thomas Lavstsen, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Peter Siba, Stephen J. Rogerson, Thor G. Theander, Jutta Marfurt… Malaria Journal 2016 15:258

Distribution of malaria vectors and incidence of vivax malaria at Korean army installations near the demilitarized zone, Republic of Korea

As a result of the reintroduction of malaria in the Republic of Korea (ROK) in 1993 and the threat to military and civilian populations, the Korea Military National Defense (MND) increased emphasis o­n vector c... Kyu Sik Chang, Dae-Hyun Yoo, Young Ran Ju, Wook Gyo Lee, Jong Yul Roh, Heung-Chul Kim, Terry A. Klein and E-Hyun Shin Malaria Journal 2016 15:259

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