Một số đơn bào có các giai đoạn đời sống thay đổi giữa các giai đoạn tăng sinh (ví dụ thể tư dưỡng) và nang “ngủ”. Như các nang, đơn bào có thể sống sót trong điều kiện khắc nghiệt như khi phơi nhiễm trong điều kiện nhiệt độ quá mức hoặc hóa chất độc hại, hay vẫn tồn tại trong thời gian dài không có chất dinh dưỡng, nước, oxy. Một nang của các loài ký sinh trùng có thể sống bên ngoài vật chủ và cho phép lan truyền từ vật chủ này sang vật chủ khác.

Khi đơn bào ở thể tư dưỡng (trophozoites, gốc từ Hy Lạp tropho có nghĩa là nuôi dưỡng), chúng lấy thức ăn chủ động. Sự chuyển đổi từ mọt thể tư dưỡng sang thể bào nang, gọi là hình thành nang (encystation), trong khi quá trình chuyển dạng ngược lại gọi là thoát nang (excystation). Các đơn bào có thể thực hiện sinh sản bằng cách sinh sản phân chia đôi hay sinh sản nhân lên. Một số đơn bào sinh sản hữu tính, một số khác lại sinh sản vô tính, một số khác sinh sản phối hợp cả hai (ví dụ Coccidia). 

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Hình 1

Amebiasis. An increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City.

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Entamoeba histolytica-Encoded Homolog of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Contributes to Mucosal Inflammation during Amebic Colitis.

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Hình 2

Lower prevalence of Entamoeba species in children with vertically transmitted HIV infection in Western Kenya.

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The macrophage cytoskeleton acts as a contact sensor upon interaction with Entamoeba histolytica to trigger IL-1β secretion.

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[No authors listed]

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Serological Surveillance Development for Tropical Infectious Diseases Using Simultaneous Microsphere-Based Multiplex Assays and Finite Mixture Models

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Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica Infection among Chinese Men Who Have Sex with Men

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PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 May; 7(5): e2232. Published o­nline 2013 May 23. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002232

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G protein signaling in the parasite Entamoeba histolytica

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Hình 3

Detection of Entamoeba histolytica antigen in stool samples in Mersin, Turkey.

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Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica -like cysts compared to E. histolytica antigens detected by ELISA in the stools of 600 patients from three socioeconomic communities in the Metropolitan City of Lahore, Pakistan.

Alam MA, Maqbool A, Nazir MM, Lateef M, Khan MS, Ahmed AN, Ziaullah M, Lindsay DS.

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Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica infection among men who have sex with men in Sydney, Australia.

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Prevalence and immune response to Entamoeba histolytica infection in preschool children in Bangladesh.

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Hình 4

Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in the context of HIV and AIDS: the case of Vhembe district, in South Africa's Limpopo province.

Samie A, Barrett LJ, Bessong PO, Ramalivhana JN, Mavhandu LG, Njayou M, Guerrant RL.

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Evaluation of recombinant fragments of Entamoeba histolytica Gal/GalNAc lectin intermediate subunit for serodiagnosis of amebiasis.

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[Determination of Entamoeba histolytica infection in patients from Greater Metropolitan Belém, Para, Brazil, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antigen detection].

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Determination of the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar in the pernambuco state of northeastern Brazil by a polymerase chain reaction.

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Hình 5

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Seroepidemiology of anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the greater Tokyo area.

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Hình 6

Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar: prevalence infection in a rural Mexican community.

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PMID: 15955333 Similar articles Evaluation of newer diagnostic methods for the detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica in an endemic area.

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Hình 7

Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica infection in female outpatients at a sexually transmitted disease sentinel clinic in Tokyo, Japan.

Suzuki J, Kobayashi S, Iku I, Murata R, Yanagawa Y, Takeuchi T.

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Diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and intestinal infection with the TechLab Entamoeba histolytica II antigen detection and antibody tests.

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J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Sep;38(9):3235-9.

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Comparison of antigen-capture ELISA to stool-culture methods for the detection of asymptomatic Entamoeba species infection in Kafer Daoud, Egypt.

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High seropositivity for Entamoeba histolytica infection in Japanese homosexual men: further evidence for the occurrence of pathogenic strains.

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Hình 8

Infection by human immunodeficiency virus-1 is not a risk factor for amebiasis.

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Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Aug;73(2):296-300.

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Increased risk for Entamoeba histolytica infection and invasive amebiasis in HIV seropositive men who have sex with men in Taiwan.

Hung CC, Ji DD, Sun HY, Lee YT, Hsu SY, Chang SY, Wu CH, Chan YH, Hsiao CF, Liu WC, Colebunders R.

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Hình 9

[Detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar by polymerase chain reaction in a community in Zulia State, Venezuela].

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Cad Saude Publica. 2009 Jan;25(1):151-9. Spanish.

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Differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar from German travelers and residents of endemic areas.

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Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Jul;57(1):70-4.

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Comparison of use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based kits and PCR amplification of rRNA genes for simultaneous detection of Entamoeba histolytica and E. dispar.

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Prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in Stool Samples of Patients with Amebiasis Suspect by Native-Lugol and ELISA.

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Application of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the epidemiology of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar infections.

Rivera WL, Tachibana H, Kanbara H.

Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 1998 Dec;23(6):413-5. Review.

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Comparison of multiplex-PCR and antigen detection for differential diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica.

Santos HL, Peralta RH, de Macedo HW, Barreto MG, Peralta JM.

Braz J Infect Dis. 2007 Jun;11(3):365-70.

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Hình 10

Evaluation of the ELISA test for detection of Entamoeba histolytica in feces.

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J Clin Lab Anal. 1990;4(1):39-42.

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Diagnostic methods for differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar in carriers: performance and clinical implications in a non-endemic setting.

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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based o­n monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for the detection of Entamoeba histolytica antigens in faecal specimens.

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Hình 11

Differentiating Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in rural communities in Malaysia.

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Comparative evaluation of hexokinase isoenzyme typing and antigen detection for differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar.

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The prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica in lactating women and in their infants in Bangladesh.

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Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37(9):680-5.

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